基于真空负压的精矿砂智能取样系统设计  

Design on Intelligent Sampling System for Concentrate Sand Based on Vacuum Negative Pressure

作　　者：周成 李海林 邹翠平 李海薰 袁建明 ZHOU Cheng;LI Hailin;ZOU Cuiping;LI Haixun;YUAN Jianming(BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 100160,China;National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optimization Manufacturing for Mining and Metallurgy Processes,Beijing 102628,China;Yunnan Jinding Zinc Industry Co.,Ltd.,Lanping 671401,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京100160 [2]矿冶过程智能优化制造全国重点实验室,北京102628 [3]云南金鼎锌业有限公司,云南兰坪671401

出　　处：《有色金属(选矿部分)》2025年第3期133-138,共6页Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3900804)。

摘　　要：矿山、冶炼企业由于生产需要从市场上外购精矿砂,入库前需要对其进行取样、化验分析用于贸易结算,要准确地评估精矿砂的质量,其中取样代表性至关重要。当前汽车运输矿粉的取样方式主要依托人工取样,也有一部分尝试行架式或导轨式全自动取样站取样,以上取样方式存在诸多弊端,如人工取样不均、效率低、有安全隐患,自动取样存在取不到代表性样品、投资成本高、可操作性低等问题。提出一种基于真空负压原理的精矿砂智能取样系统及取样方法,该系统由真空上料机系统、取样系统和智能控制系统构成,利用大气压力与真空压差输送物料进行精矿砂卸车,在卸车的过程中利用智能化的电气和控制系统同步实现定周期、定时长的代表性取样。依托某矿山企业实践验证,进行了取样装置的定制化设计,明确了诸如取样支管路尺寸、取样速度、取样周期等一系列设计参数。通过两种取样嘴设计对比试验,结果显示采用入料管竖立在真空上料机吸料管的正中间贯穿整个直径、入料管中间开有6 mm缝隙的取样方式其代表性完全满足要求,且此系统替代人工取样可显著提高作业效率、降低劳动强度与安全风险,同时解决了廉洁、职业健康等多方面问题,为精矿砂及同类矿粉原料的取样提供了可靠实用的解决方案。Mining and smelting enterprises need to purchase concentrate sand from the market for production,and before storage,they need to sample and analyze it for trade settlement.To accurately evaluate the quality of concentrate sand,the representativeness of sampling is crucial.The current sampling method for transporting mineral powder by car mainly relies on manual sampling,and some attempt to use rack or rail type fully automatic sampling stations for sampling.These sampling methods have many drawbacks,such as uneven manual sampling,low efficiency,and safety hazards,while automatic sampling has problems such as inability to obtain representative samples,high investment costs,and low operability.An intelligent sampling system and sampling method for concentrate sand based on the principle of vacuum negative pressure has been proposed.The system consists of a vacuum feeder system,a sampling system,and an intelligent control system.It uses atmospheric pressure and vacuum pressure difference to transport materials for concentrate sand unloading.During the unloading process,an intelligent electrical and control system is used to synchronously achieve representative sampling with fixed periods and time durations.Based on the practical verification of a mining enterprise,a customized design of the sampling device was carried out,and a series of design parameters such as the size of the sampling branch pipeline,sampling speed,and sampling period were clarified.Through a comparative experiment of two sampling nozzle designs,the results showed that the sampling method of using a feeding tube standing upright in the middle of the vacuum feeder suction tube,penetrating the entire diameter,with a 6 mm gap in the middle of the feeding tube,fully meets the requirements for representativeness.Moreover,this system can significantly improve operational efficiency,reduce labor intensity and safety risks,and solve various problems such as integrity and occupational health.It provides a reliable and practical solution for sampling conce

关 键 词：精矿砂 真空负压 代表性取样 

分 类 号：TD912[矿业工程—选矿]