西秦岭地区二叠纪-三叠纪之交深海遗迹化石演化特征  

The Evolution of Trace Fossils across the Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction in Deep Marine from the Western Qinling

作　　者：冯学谦 陈中强 赵来时[2] 黄元耕 剡鹏兵 Feng Xueqian;Chen ZhongQiang;Zhao Laishi;Huang Yuangeng;Yan Pengbing(State Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430078,China;State Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430078,China;Geological Party No.208,China National Nuclear Corporation,Baotou 014000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)地质微生物与环境全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430078 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)地质过程与成矿预测全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430078 [3]中核集团核工业二零八地质大队,内蒙古包头014000

出　　处：《地球科学》2025年第3期1000-1022,共23页Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(Nos.41930322,42372136,42477215);中国地质大学(武汉)“地大学者”人才岗位科研启动经费(No.2023081);国家资助博士后研究人员计划项目(No.GZC20232474);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(No.2024M753028);湖北省博士后创新人才培养项目A类项目(No.2004HBBHCXA084).

摘　　要：二叠纪-三叠纪之交大灭绝事件前后的海洋遗迹生态学研究程度很高,但大部分研究局限于浅海环境,大灭绝前后深海环境中的遗迹化石面貌及其变化特征还不清楚.本文系统描述了采自我国西秦岭地区3条深海剖面地层中的遗迹化石,共计18属.研究表明大灭绝前后深海环境中的遗迹化石属种多样性没有发生变化,但早三叠世出现了大量的雕画迹.进一步通过生态空间利用和生态系统工程定量分析方法发现大灭绝之后,深海环境中的造迹生物的生态空间利用能力和生态系统工程参数相比于灭绝前表现出显著的下降,深生态阶层更为显著.与硅质浅海临滨宜居带避难所不同,深海生态系统工程师对大灭绝之后生态系统复苏的反馈效应较弱.深海环境不利于浅海机会分子的殖居,可能并不是大灭绝之后的避难所.The ichnoecological variations across the Permian Triassic mass extinction have been well studied,but most studies focused on shallow marine environments.The ichnological characteristic and its evolution in deep marine remain unclear across the mass extinction.This paper investigates abundant ichnofossils in three deep marine sections from the West Qinling area of North China,and systematically describes 18 ichnogenera.The study shows that the diversity of ichnofossil in deep marine did not change across the mass extinction,but a large number of graphoglyptid trace fossils appeared in the Early Triassic.Further quantitative analysis by using ecospace utilization and ecosystem engineering methods reveals that ecospace utilization and ecosystem engineering parameters of trace-making organisms apparently declined after the mass extinction,especially in the deep tier.Unlike the siliciclastic nearshore‘habitable zone’refuges,the feedback effects of ecosystem engineers on the recovery of in deep marine ecosystem after the mass extinction is relatively weak.The deep marine environmental setting is unfavourable to the colonization of shallow-sea opportunistic organisms and may not have acted as a refuge after the mass extinction.

关 键 词：遗迹化石 深海环境 避难所 生态系统工程师 西秦岭地区 生态学 地层学 

分 类 号：P539[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]