肾动脉周围神经分布的研究进展  

Reserach progress on the distribution of nerves around the renal arteries

作　　者：陈静怡 姜述斌[2] Chen Jingyi;Jiang Shubin(The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830000,China;Department of Coronary Heart Disease Intensive Care,the Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第四临床医学院,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆医科大学附属中医医院冠心病重症监护科,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中华解剖与临床杂志》2025年第3期207-210,共4页Chinese Journal of Anatomy and Clinics

摘　　要：目的探讨肾动脉周围交感神经的分布特点,以及副交感神经是否存在及其分布特点。方法以"肾动脉""交感神经""副交感神经""分布特点"及"renal artery""sympathetic nervous""parasympathetic nervous""distribution characteristics"作为关键词,在中国知网、中华医学期刊全文数据库、PubMed等中英文数据库中检索2024年2月之前发表的有关肾动脉周围神经的分布研究的文献933篇。排除内容相关性较低、无法获取原文、研究对象非人体标本、证据等级较低及重复性研究的文献,最终纳入16篇文献,对肾动脉周围的交感神经分布特点,以及副交感神经的存在与否和分布特点进行归纳总结。结果人体解剖学研究已经证实,肾动脉周围存在交感神经,不同研究中对肾动脉周围交感神经的分布特点存在差异。多数研究表明,肾动脉周围交感神经的大小相似,交感神经的数量沿肾动脉近段向远段逐渐递减、右侧多于左侧、肾动脉周围腹、背、上、下侧4个区域中上侧和腹侧最多,交感神经至肾动脉管腔距离左侧大于右侧、由肾动脉近段向远段递减,传出神经纤维在交感神经中占主导地位;肾副动脉周围的交感神经分布特点与肾主动脉相同,但数量更少、距动脉管腔更近。对于肾动脉周围是否存在副交感神经,有研究报道在肾动脉周围神经中存在副交感神经,且约占肾动脉周围神经的17.9%;但由于该研究中副交感神经的标记物缺乏特异性,研究结果未得到广泛认可。因此,对于肾动脉周围是否存在副交感神经目前仍存在争议,其分布特征仍不明确。结论目前,肾动脉周围存在交感神经已被证实。由于个体间差异和研究方法设计不同,不同研究中对肾动脉周围交感神经的大小、数量、分布特点等结果存在差异。而对于肾动脉周围是否存在副交感神经,以及副交感神经的分布特征,有待进一步研究探索、证实。Objective This study aimed to examine the distribution characteristics of sympathetic nerves around the renal arteries,as well as the presence and distribution characteristics of parasympathetic nerves.Methods The keywords include the following:"肾动脉""交感神经""副交感神经""分布特点"and"renal artery""sympathetic nervous""parasympathetic nervous"and"distribution characteristics".We conducted a search in Chinese and English databases,including CNKI,the China Medical Journal Full-text Database,and PubMed.A total of 933 publications on distributional of peripheral nerves in the renal arteries were published before February 2024.Literature with low content relevance,unavailability of the original article,low levels of evidence,and repetitive studies were excluded.Ultimately,16 papers were included to summarize the characteristics of sympathetic nerve distribution around the renal arteries,as well as the presence and distribution characteristics of parasympathetic nerves.Results Human anatomical studies have confirmed the presence of sympathetic nerves surrounding the renal arteries,with varying characterizations of their distribution across different studies.Most studies have shown that the size of these sympathetic nerves is generally similar.The number of sympathetic nerves decreases from the proximal to the distal renal arteries,is more prevalent on the right side than on the left,and is greatest in the upper and ventral sides surrounding the renal arteries.Additionally,the distance from the sympathetic nerves to the lumen of the renal artery is greater on the left side compared to the right,decreasing from the proximal to the distal renal artery.Efferent nerve fibers are predominant in the sympathetic nerves.The distribution of sympathetic nerves around the renal collateral arteries exhibits similar characteristics to those around the renal aorta,though they are less numerous and closer to the lumen of the arteries.Regarding parasympathetic nerves around the renal arteries,one study reported their

关 键 词：肾动脉 交感神经 副交感神经 分布特点 

分 类 号：R692[医药卫生—泌尿科学]