甘肃省城市热岛效应变化特征及其对城市扩张的响应  

Change Characteristics of Urban Heat Island Effect and Its Response to Urban Expansion in Gansu Province

作　　者：杨浩 王旭峰 张松林[1] 李霞[3] YANG Hao;WANG Xufeng;ZHANG Songlin;LI Xia(College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gansu Provincial Basic Geographic Information Center,Lanzhou 730099)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]甘肃省基础地理信息中心,甘肃兰州730099

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2025年第1期110-121,共12页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：甘肃省杰出青年基金项目(22JRA046);甘肃省科技计划(23ZDKA0004)资助;2022年甘肃省自然资源科技创新领军人才培育项目(202213)。

摘　　要：城市快速扩张导致城市及其周边生态环境发生剧烈变化,进而加剧城市热岛(Urban heat island,UHI)效应。但城市扩张对干旱区城市热岛效应的影响仍不够清晰。甘肃省从东南向西北延绵1600 km,气候类型从东南部的湿润半湿润气候逐渐过渡到西北部的极端干旱气候。此外,2000年以来甘肃省经历了快速的城市扩张,因此甘肃省是研究不同干湿气候背景下城市扩张对UHI效应影响的理想实验区。本研究利用MODIS地表温度数据集,估算2003~2021年甘肃省14个城市的地表城市热岛强度(Surface urban heat island intensity,Is)及其年际变化特征,以探究不同气候背景下甘肃省UHI效应变化特征及其对城市扩张的响应。结果表明,甘肃省各城市Is和δISP(Urban-rural Contrast in Impervious Surface Percentage,δISP)具有明显的时空差异。Is变化趋势主要受植被覆盖度(R^(2)=0.406,P<0.05)影响,其次是降水量(R^(2)=0.377,P<0.05),城市人口数量(R^(2)=0.069,P>0.05)的作用可以忽略不计。此外,由于不同土地覆盖类型的地表温度(Land Surface Temperature,LST)存在差异,城市扩张进程中所占用的土地覆盖类型对Is趋势亦有影响,如果城市扩张进程中占用的是裸地类型则产生降温效应。城市扩张强度对Is趋势的影响存在明显的阈值,不同气候区城市的阈值不同,湿润区城市的阈值(天水,δISP=32%)小于干旱区城市(酒泉,δISP=41%)。此外,阈值前后Is变化速率不同,干旱区城市的Is在阈值前后的变化更显著。本研究成果为干旱区城市快速扩张的影响评价与管控决策提供了科学依据。Rapid urban expansion leads to drastic changes in the urban and surrounding ecological environment,which further intensifies the urban heat island(Urban Heat Island,UHI)effect.However,the effect of urban expansion on urban heat island effect in arid areas is still unclear.Gansu province extends from southeast to northwest for more than 1600 kilometers,and the climate type has gradually changed from humid and semi-hu-mid climate in southeast to extreme arid climate in northwest.Furthermore,Gansu province has experienced rapid urban expansion since 2000,so Gansu province is an ideal experimental area to study the effects of urban expansion on UHI effect under different dry and wet climate backgrounds.This study used the MODIS land sur-face temperature data set,estimates the surface urban heat island intensity(Surface urban heat island intensity,Is)and its inter-annual features in 14 cities of Gansu province from 2003 to 2021,to explore the change charac-teristics of UHI effect and its response to urban expansion in Gansu province under different climatic back-ground.The results show that Is andδISP(Urban-rural contrast in impervious surface percentage,δISP)have obvious spatiotemporal differences among cities in Gansu province.The change trend of Is was mainly affected by vegetation coverage(R^(2)=0.406,P<0.05),followed by precipitation(R^(2)=0.377,P<0.05),and the ef-fect of urban population(R^(2)=0.069,P>0.05)was negligible.In addition,due to the difference in land surface temperature(Land surface temperature,LST)among different land cover types,the type of land cover occu-pied in the process of urban expansion also has an impact on the Is trend.If the type of bare land occupied in the process of urban expansion,it will have a cooling effect.The influence of urban expansion intensity on Is trend has obvious thresholds,and the thresholds of cities in different climate zones are different.The threshold of city in humid zone(Tianshui,δISP=32%)is smaller than that of city in arid zone(Jiuquan,δISP=41%).The change r

关 键 词：地表城市热岛强度 城市扩张 土地覆盖变化 调控因子 甘肃省 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]