基于DNA宏条形码技术分析香螺食性  

Diet analysis of Neptunea cumingii using metabarcoding

作　　者：贺加贝 柯可 孙海明 胡丽萍 赵晓伟 王文豪 赵强 Jiabei He;Ke Ke;Haiming Sun;Liping Hu;Xiaowei Zhao;Wenhao Wang;Qiang Zhao(Yantai Marine Economic Research Institute,Yantai,Shandong 264003,China;Yantai Ronghai Aquaculture Technology Co.,Ltd,Yantai,Shandong 264000,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台市海洋经济研究院,山东烟台264003 [2]烟台荣海水产科技有限公司,山东烟台264000

出　　处：《生物多样性》2025年第1期34-42,共9页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：山东省贝类产业技术体系烟台综合试验站(SDAIT-14-11);烟台市科技创新发展计划重点项目(2023JCYJ099)。

摘　　要：底栖动物是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分,在调控海洋生态系统的物质循环和能量流动过程中扮演了关键角色。腹足类动物通过捕食与被捕食行为调控着底栖生态系统的稳定性,研究腹足类生物的食性有助于我们理解这一调控过程。香螺(Neptunea cumingii)是我国北方海域一种重要的腹足类动物,具备极高的生态价值和经济价值。但是,我们对其食性组成及生态功能的了解并不透彻。因此,有必要探明自然条件下香螺现场食物组成,提升对腹足类动物在我国北方海域底栖生态系统中所起调控作用的认识。本研究借助4份野生香螺胃含物样品,以18Sr DNAV4区和V9区为标靶,利用DNA宏条形码技术对其胃含物真核生物进行分析。结果显示,在4个样品中,18S rDNA V4区和V9区共分别获得265,161条和221,998条高质量序列,分别占各自原始序列的93.16%和86.54%,分别注释到141个和490个OTUs;虽然18SrDNAV4区获得的优质序列数及占比均更高,但其注释到的物种数比18Sr DNAV9区偏少。两个可变区所有OTUs分属17个门类,包括动物界10门、真菌界5门、植物界1门,以及SAR超类群,包括不等鞭毛生物(Stramenopiles)、囊泡虫(Alveolates)和有孔虫(Rhizaria);在纲水平上,腹足纲、辅鳍鱼纲、吸虫纲和色矛纲相对丰度在两个可变区中均排名前十;在OTU水平上,两个可变区中3个以上样品中均有检出的物种仅分别占5.67%和8.08%,且其共同属于软体动物门、脊椎动物亚门、子囊菌门及SAR超类群。总体上,18S r DNA V4区和V9区两段DNA条形码分析结果显示,香螺胃含物中真核生物种类丰富,包括动物(如环节动物、节肢动物、软体动物)、真菌、植物和原生生物,其中最丰富的类群是腹足类、鱼类、吸虫和真菌。在多个样本中只检测到一小部分共有OTUs,这表明不同香螺摄食种类多变。结果表明,香螺现场食性是一种机会主义捕食者,动物尸体及�Aims:Benthic organisms are a crucial part of marine ecosystems,playing an essential role in material cycling and energy flow.Gastropods,particularly through their predation and scavenging activities,help maintain the stability of benthic ecosystems.Understanding the dietary habits of gastropods is key to understanding their ecological role.Neptunea cumingii,a gastropod of significant ecological and economic importance in northern China,has not been sufficiently studied in terms of its diet and ecological role.Therefore,it is important to investigate the dietary composition of N.cumingii in natural conditions and to further understand its regulatory role in northern China’s benthic ecosystems.Methods:In this study,four wild N.cumingii stomach samples were collected,and the stomach contents were analyzed using DNA barcoding techniques targeting the 18S rDNA V4 and V9 hypervariable regions to identify eukaryotic organisms.Results:A total of 265,161 high-quality reads were obtained from the 18S rDNA V4 region across four samples,representing 93.16%of the original reads,and 141 operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were obtained by clustering.From the 18S rDNA V9 region,221,998 high-quality reads were obtained,accounting for 86.54%of the original reads,and 490 OTUs were obtained.The 18S rDNA V4 region produced higher-quality sequences,but fewer annotated species compared to the V9 region.In total,17 phyla were identified across all OTUs,including 10 from the animal kingdom,5 from the fungal kingdom,1 from the plant kingdom,and the SAR(Stramenopiles,Alveolates,and Rhizaria).The most abundant taxa in both the V4 and V9 analyses were Gastropoda,Actinopterygii,Trematoda,and Chromadorea.At the OTU level,only 5.67%and 8.08%of OTUs were detected across three or more samples,classified into the phyla Mollusca,Vertebrata,Ascomycota,and SAR.Overall,the analysis of the 18S rDNA V4 and V9 hypervariable regions revealed a diverse array of eukaryotic organisms,including animals(annelids,arthropods,mollusks),fungi,plants,and protists,w

关 键 词：香螺 DNA宏条形码 18S rDNA 胃含物 食性分析 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]