先天性尿路梗阻患儿输尿管组织损伤及功能改变的研究进展  

Research advances in urethral tissue injuries and functional changes in children with congenital urinary tract obstruction

作　　者：黄绍刚 徐瑞 曾椰峰[1,3] 李守林 Huang Shaogang;Xu Rui;Zeng Yefeng;Li Shoulin(Department of Urology,Shenzhen Children’s Hospital,Shenzhen 518038,China;College of Medicine,Shantou University,Shantou 515041,China;Graduate School,China Medical University,Shenyang 110122,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市儿童医院泌尿外科,深圳518038 [2]汕头大学医学院,汕头515041 [3]中国医科大学研究生院,沈阳110122

出　　处：《临床小儿外科杂志》2025年第2期196-200,共5页Journal of Clinical Pediatric Surgery

基　　金：深圳市医学重点学科小儿外科重点专科项目(2020—2024)(SZXK035);广东省高水平医院建设专项资助项目。

摘　　要：先天性尿路梗阻包括上尿路梗阻和下尿路梗阻,是导致儿童终末期肾病的主要原因。即使解除梗阻,肾功能也不能完全恢复,甚至可能出现肾损伤持续进展。梗阻可导致输尿管组织损伤,包括输尿管胶原沉积,平滑肌肥大及凋亡、纤维化。这些改变将干扰平滑肌细胞运动,阻碍输尿管蠕动,进而影响术后肾功能的恢复。本文综述先天性尿路梗阻患儿输尿管组织损伤与功能改变的研究进展,探讨抑制或逆转输尿管组织损伤,进而促进输尿管恢复蠕动的可行性,为促进先天性尿路梗阻患儿术后肾功能恢复提供理论依据。As a major cause of end-stage renal disease(ESRD)in children,congenital urinary tract obstruction includes upper and lower urinary tract obstructions.Even after relieving obstruction,a complete recovery of renal function remains impossible and even renal impairments worsen.Obstruction may cause urethral tissue injuries,including collagen deposition,smooth muscle hypertrophy,apoptosis and fibrosis.These changes interfere with the movement of smooth muscle cells,hinder urethral peristalsis and thus affect the postoperative recovery of renal function.This review summarized the latest advances in urethral tissue injuries and functional changes of congenital urinary tract obstruction.The topics covered the feasibility of suppressing or reversing urethral tissue injuries for promoting the recovery of urethral peristalsis.It was intended to provide theoretical rationales for promoting the postoperative recovery of renal function in children with congenital urinary tract obstruction.

关 键 词：输尿管梗阻/先天性 纤维化 平滑肌 蠕动 

分 类 号：R726.9[医药卫生—儿科]