三种不同作物对压砂地微气候环境的影响分析  

Analysis of the Impact of Three Different Crops on the Microclimate Environment in Sand Compacted Land

作　　者：高杰[1,3] 高永平 王炳尧 冯丽 GAO Jie;GAO Yongping;WANG Bingyao;FENG Li(Key Laboratory of Monitoring,Early Warning and Risk Management of Agricultural Meteorological Disasters in Arid Areas,China Meteorological Administration,Yinchuan,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,750000 China;Shapotou Desert Research Station of Northwest Institute of Ecological Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu Province,730000 China;Meteorological Bureau of Shapotou District,Zhongwei,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Zhongwei,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,755000 China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室,宁夏银川750000 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,甘肃兰州730000 [3]宁夏回族自治区中卫市沙坡头区气象局,宁夏中卫755000

出　　处：《科技资讯》2025年第5期184-186,共3页Science & Technology Information

基　　金：中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室开放研究项目(项目编号:CAMF-202209);宁夏回族自治区科技惠民专项(项目编号:2022CMG03005)。

摘　　要：探讨了宁夏中部干旱区压砂地种植硒砂瓜、牧草和经济林3种作物对微气候环境、土壤理化性质、风蚀和生态系统稳定性的综合影响。采用实地监测和实验数据分析方法,比较了不同作物种植前后的地表温度、空气湿度、土壤养分、风速、生态系统稳定性的变化。结果表明:3种作物的种植显著改善了微气候环境,其中,硒砂瓜在调节地表温度和空气湿度方面效果最为显著;在土壤理化性质方面,所有作物均增加了土壤的有机质和主要养分含量,硒砂瓜对土壤有机质和氮含量的提升最为突出;种植作物对减少风蚀和增强生态系统稳定性也具有积极作用,经济林在减少风速和抑制风蚀方面效果最佳。研究为压砂地农业生产模式的优化和生态环境管理提供了科学依据,支持可持续农业与生态保护的实践。This study discussed the comprehensive effects of planting selenium sand melons,forage grass,and eco-nomic forest in the arid areas of central Ningxia on microclimate environment,soil physicochemical properties,wind erosion,and ecosystem stability.Using field monitoring and experimental data analysis methods,the changesin surface temperature,air humidity,soil nutrients,wind speed,and ecosystem stability before and after planting dif-ferent crops were compared.Results indicated the planting of three crops significantly improved the microclimateenvironment,among which selenium sand melon had the most significant effect in regulating surface temperatureand air humidity;In terms of soil physical and chemical properties,all crops increased the organic matter and mainnutrient content of the soil,with selenium sand melon showing the most significant improvement in soil organicmatter and nitrogen content;IN ADDITION,Planting crops also has a positive effect on reducing wind erosionand enhancing ecosystem stability,with economic forests being the most effective in reducing wind speed and sup-pressing wind erosion.The research provides a scientific basis for optimizing the agricultural production mode andecological environment management in sand compaction areas,supporting the practice of sustainable agriculturaland ecological protection.

关 键 词：硒砂瓜 牧草 经济林 微气候 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：P463[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]