莫斯科主城博物馆的时空格局及形成原因  

The Spatio-Temporal Pattern and Formation Reasons of Museums in Central Moscow

作　　者：刘晓燕 王昊颖 王宗琥[3] 刘奕如 陈奕云[5] Liu Xiaoyan;Wang Haoying;Wang Zonghu;Liu Yiru;Chen Yiyun

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学外国语言文学学院,北京100875 [3]首都师范大学外国语学院,北京100048 [4]北京航空航天大学外国语学院,北京100191 [5]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《博物馆管理》2025年第1期21-33,共13页Museum Management

基　　金：教育部首批新文科研究与改革实践项目(项目批准号:2021110006)成果;教育部区域和国别研究培育基地北京师范大学俄罗斯研究中心资助。

摘　　要：本文以莫斯科主城为研究范围,利用多种渠道搜集整理当地博物馆的地理、历史信息;采用时间变化与空间分布的综合分析思路,进行时空格局的量化分析和形成原因的要素解读。在时间上,莫斯科博物馆的建设过程经历了缓慢起步、稳步积累、艰难前行、繁荣发展和波动涌现等五个时期;在空间上,新增博物馆整体以克里姆林宫为中心,以莫斯科河走向为主轴,以北岸为聚集区,具有典型的放射分布特征;城市中心区域文博氛围浓厚,新的文博增长核目前还未出现,有待资源的均衡分配;区位是影响博物馆布局的最重要因素,道路交通、自然条件、经济水平和人口素质也有一定关系。莫斯科博物馆时空分布的鲜明特点和演化历程,可为我国文化场馆的建设提供经验启示。Taking the main city of Moscow as the scope of research,this article collects and,organizes geographic and historical information of local museums through various channels.It adopts the comprehensive analytical method of temporal change and spatial distribution to quantitatively analyze the spatiotemporal pattern and interpret the elements ofits formation reasons.The results show that:1)Temporlly,the construction process of Moscow museums has gone through five periods,including slow start,steady accumulation,difficult advance,prosperous development and fluctuating emergence;2.Spatially,the new museums are basically centered on the Kremlin,with the course of the Moskva River as the main axis and its north bank as the agglomeration area,which shows the typical characteristics of radial distribution;3)The central area of the city is characterized by a strong atmosphere of culture and museums,and the advent of new growth nucleus depends on the balanced distribution of resources;4)Location is the most important factor affecting the layout of museums,meanwhile road traffic,natural conditions,economic level and the quality of the population also have some influence.The distinctive features and evolutionary history of the spatio-temporal distribution of museums in Moscow can provide empirical inspiration for the construction of cultural venues in China.

关 键 词：莫斯科 博物馆 时间变化 空间分布 

分 类 号：G269.2[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]