我国数据跨境流动规制措施与RCEP服务贸易规则相符性及应对  

Assessment of Conformity of China's Regulatory Measures on Cross-Border Data Flows with RCEP Rules on Trade in Services and Recommendations for China

作　　者：宋俊荣 SONG Jun-rong

机构地区：[1]上海政法学院国际法学院

出　　处：《当代法学》2025年第2期147-160,共14页Contemporary Law Review

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“构建更加紧密的上海合作组织命运共同体的法治保障研究”(22ZDA129)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：对于影响服务贸易的数据跨境流动规制措施,RCEP项下服务贸易规则的适用优先于数据跨境流动规则。判断我国数据跨境流动规制措施是否受制于RCEP服务贸易规则,需要具体考察我国在该措施所影响的服务部门和服务提供模式下是否已承担义务。在我国已承诺承担义务的情况下,我国数据跨境流动规制措施有可能违反RCEP服务贸易章的市场准入、国民待遇、最惠国待遇和当地存在条款,其是否符合RCEP服务贸易章一般例外条款的关键在于执法实践是否符合该条款前言要求。此外,我国针对关键信息基础设施运营者开展的数据出境安全评估活动符合RCEP安全例外条款。在国内层面,我国应从三个方面完善数据跨境流动规制措施以确保其与RCEP服务贸易规则的相符性。在国际层面,我国在未来RCEP负面清单的谈判中应力争给予数据跨境流动规制措施足够的关照。The wide application of data as a production factor in the field of trade in services has led to the effect of regulatory measures on cross-border data flows on trade in services,which in turn has caused the problem of conformity of such measures with RCEP rules on trade in services.Although RCEP also includes rules on cross-border data flows,the application of RCEP rules on trade in services takes precedence over the former as regards regulatory measures on cross-border data flows affecting trade in services.Since the core obligations stipulated by the RCEP chapter of trade in services are based on the specific commitments of the contracting parties,and the latter varies according to the service sector and the mode of service supply,determining the conformity of China's regulatory measures on cross-border data flows with RCEP rules on trade in services requires first defining the service sector and mode of serv⁃ice supply affected by such measures.The difficulty therein lies in the classification of services supplied online and affected by such measures.In the case that China has committed to undertake obligations,China's regulatory measures on cross-border data flows may violate the provisions of market access,na⁃tional treatment,most-favoured-nation treatment and local presence in the RCEP chapter of trade in services.Whether China's regulatory measures on cross-border data flows can be justified under the gen⁃eral exception clause in the RCEP chapter of trade in services depends on whether the enforcement prac⁃tice meets the requirements of the clause's chapeau.In addition,China's security assessment of outward data flows which critical information infrastructure operators carry out can be justified under the security exception clause in the RCEP chapter of trade in services.At the domestic level,China should improve the regulatory measures on cross-border data flows from three aspects to promote their conformity with RCEP rules on trade in services:(1)to clarify key terms and provisions whose meaning

关 键 词：数据跨境流动规制措施 服务贸易规则 安全评估 负面清单 区域全面经济伙伴关系协定 

分 类 号：D996[政治法律—经济法学]