环境规制与企业出口--基于清洁生产标准的微观证据  

Environmental Regulation and Enterprise Export:Micro Empirical Evidence Based on Clean Production Standards

作　　者：喻开志[1] 冯佳晗 杨岚 邹红[2] Yu Kaizhi;Feng Jiahan;Yang Lan;Zou Hong(School of Statistics,Southwest University of Finance and Economics;School of Economics,Southwest University of Finance and Economics)

机构地区：[1]西南财经大学统计学院,611130 [2]西南财经大学经济学院,611130

出　　处：《经济评论》2025年第2期112-131,共20页Economic Review

基　　金：研究阐释党的十九届六中全会精神国家社会科学基金重大项目“新发展阶段生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的中国特色文明发展道路研究”(22ZDA108);中央高校基本科研业务费“中国制造业产业链供应链韧性与安全水平评估及对策研究”(JBK2406036)资助。

摘　　要：环境保护和对外贸易是推动中国式现代化的重要议题。本文构建理论模型并进行实证检验以探究环境规制对企业出口的影响与作用机制。具体而言,本文对一般均衡模型进行改进,分析发现环境规制将增大企业退出出口市场的概率并减少其出口额,且对小规模企业有更强的影响;进一步基于双重差分法进行实证分析发现,环境规制的实施对违规企业出口有显著的负向影响。机制分析显示,环境规制是通过增加企业绿色投入产生成本效应和挤占生产投资产生挤出效应实现抑制企业出口,且对小规模企业有更大抑制效应。拓展性分析发现,环境规制与企业出口变量呈非线性关系,且改善地区新基建水平、促进企业聚集和提高企业生产力能够缓解环境规制对企业出口的不利影响。Environmental protection and foreign trade are significant topics in advancing Chinese-style modernization.We construct a theoretical model and conduct empirical tests to explore the impact and mechanism of environmental regulation on enterprise export.We improve the general equilibrium model,revealing that environmental regulations increase the probability of enterprise exiting the export market and reduce their export volume,with a stronger impact on small-scale enterprises.Further empirical analysis based on the DID model shows that the setting of environmental regulation has a significant negative impact on the export of non-compliant enterprises.Mechanism tests indicate that regulations raise costs by increasing green investments and crowding out production investments,inhibiting exports.Smaller enterprises face greater negative impacts.Extension analysis finds a nonlinear relationship between environmental regulation and enterprise export variables.Moreover,improving regional new infrastructure levels,promoting enterprise agglomeration,and enhancing enterprise productivity can mitigate the adverse effects of environmental regulation on enterprise export.

关 键 词：环境规制 企业出口 一般均衡 清洁生产标准 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F752.62[经济管理—国际贸易] F425[经济管理—产业经济]