新型Y_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)增强ZrO_(2)复合气凝胶的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and properties of novel yttria-silica enhanced zirconia composite aerogels

作　　者：李占峰 隋学叶[1] 唐文哲 刘瑞祥[1] 王蒙蒙 Li Zhanfeng;Sui Xue-ye;Tang Wenzhe;Liu Ruixiang;Wang Mengmeng(Shandong Industrial Ceramic Research and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Zibo 255000,Shandong,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司,山东淄博255000

出　　处：《耐火材料》2025年第2期138-143,共6页Refractories

摘　　要：ZrO_(2)在高温下的相变会引发ZrO_(2)气凝胶的结构坍塌,为了提高ZrO_(2)气凝胶的高温稳定性,以低成本、无毒的巯基琥珀酸为凝胶促进剂,八水氧氯化锆、六水硝酸钇、正硅酸乙酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Y_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)增强ZrO_(2)复合气凝胶,并加入莫来石纤维,制备了莫来石纤维复合Y_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)增强ZrO_(2)材料,研究了Y_(2)O_(3)和ZrO_(2)的物质的量比(分别为1∶40、1∶20、1∶10和1∶5)、SiO_(2)和ZrO_(2)的物质的量比(分别为1∶10、1∶5、3∶10和2∶5)对ZrO_(2)气凝胶的凝胶时间、孔结构以及高温性能的影响。结果表明:Y_(2)O_(3)和SiO_(2)可有效缩短凝胶时间;掺入SiO_(2)后,气凝胶的纳米孔结构更加均匀,但是掺入Y_(2)O_(3)后,气凝胶的骨架变粗,表现出杂乱的纳米孔结构;Y_(2)O_(3)和SiO_(2)有效地阻碍了ZrO_(2)的高温相变,降低了ZrO_(2)的高温收缩率;制备Y_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)增强ZrO_(2)复合气凝胶的最佳配比为:n(Y_(2)O_(3))∶n(SiO_(2))∶n(ZrO_(2))=1∶3∶10。The phase transition of ZrO_(2)at high temperatures causes structural collapse of ZrO_(2)aerogels.To improve the high-temperature stability of ZrO_(2)aerogels,Y_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)enhanced ZrO_(2)composite aerogels were prepared via the sol-gel method using low-cost and non-toxic mercaptosuccinic acid as a gel accelerator,and zirconium oxychloride octahydrate,yttrium nitrate hexahydrate,and tetraethyl orthosilicate as the precursors.Mullite fiber-Y_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)-reinforced ZrO_(2)composites were also fabricated by adding mullite fibers.The effects of the molar ratios of Y_(2)O_(3)to ZrO_(2)(1∶40,1∶20,1∶10,and 1∶5),SiO_(2)to ZrO_(2)(1∶10,1∶5,3∶10,and 2∶5)on the gel time,pore structure,and high-temperature properties were investigated.The results show that:Y_(2)O_(3)and SiO_(2)can effectively shorten the gel time;SiO_(2)doping leads to a more uniform nanoporous structure;Y_(2)O_(3)doping causes coarser skeletons and disordered nanopores;Y_(2)O_(3)and SiO_(2)hinder the phase transition and reduce the shrinkage of ZrO_(2)at high temperatures.The optimal ratio of Y_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)enhanced ZrO_(2)composite aerogels was n(Y_(2)O_(3))∶n(SiO_(2))∶n(ZrO_(2))=1∶3∶10.

关 键 词：ZrO_(2)气凝胶 Y_(2)O_(3) SiO_(2) 隔热 

分 类 号：TQ175[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]