基于Simscape的地面测试精确控压系统研究与仿真  

Research and Simulation of Precision Pressure Control System forGround Testing Based on Simscape

作　　者：谢奎 梁爽 何泽仁 Xie Kui;Liang Shuang;He Zeren(Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.Ltd.,Trial Repair Company,Chengdu,610050,China)

机构地区：[1]川庆钻探工程有限公司试修公司,四川成都610050

出　　处：《石油化工自动化》2025年第2期6-10,共5页Automation in Petro-chemical Industry

基　　金：中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司科技项目“140 MPa地面测试智能精确控压系统研制”(课题编号:CQ2023B-22-1-4)。

摘　　要：针对高温高压油气井地面测试作业中存在的问题,研究了基于Simscape仿真系统的地面测试精确控压系统。首先指出人工控制测试管线压力存在的风险,分析了现有技术方案的局限性;其次介绍了节流阀的降压原理,并利用Simscape搭建了节流降压物理模型,模拟了节流阀的流动特性和压力调节过程;然后为解决PID参数难以调节的问题提出了两种PID参数整定算法:递归最小二乘法(RLS)和梯度下降算法;最后通过Simulink和Simscape的联合仿真,对比了两种算法在节流降压模型中的调节效果,以超调量、调节时间和稳定性为评价指标,得出RLS算法更适合于节流降压模型的控制参数调节。Aiming at the problems existing in the ground testing operation of high-temperature and high-pressure oil and gas wells,the precise pressure control system for ground testing based on Simscape simulation system is studied.Firstly,the risks of manual control of the the test pipeline pressure are pointed out,the limitations of the existing technical solutions are analyzed.Secondly,the pressure reduction principle of the throttle valve is introduced,and the physical model of the throttle and pressure reduction is built by Simscape,and the flow characteristics and pressure regulation process of the throttle valve are simulated.Then,two PID parameter tuning algorithms are proposed to solve the problem that PID parameters are difficult to be adjusted:recursive least squares(RLS)and gradient descent algorithm.Finally,through the joint simulation of Simulink and Simscape,the adjustment effect of the two algorithms in the throttle and pressure reduction model is compared,and the RLS algorithm is more suitable for the control parameter adjustment of the throttle and pressure reduction model with overshoot,regulation time and stability as the evaluation indexes.

关 键 词：地面测试 节流阀 PID参数自整定 递归最小二乘法 梯度下降算法 

分 类 号：TP301.6[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]