基于Bow-tie模型的LPG运输全过程风险分析研究  

Study on Risk Analysis of Whole LPG Transportation Process Based on Bow-tie Model

作　　者：王一昊 赵焕省 吴策宇 Wang Yihao;Zhao Huanxing;Wu Ceyu(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety,Qingdao,266071,China;Sinopec Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.Ltd.,Qingdao,266071,China;Sinopec National Petrochemical Project Risk Assessment Technical Center Co.Ltd.,Qingdao,266071,China)

机构地区：[1]化学品安全全国重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,山东青岛266071 [3]中石化国家石化项目风险评估技术中心有限公司,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《石油化工自动化》2025年第2期37-42,95,共7页Automation in Petro-chemical Industry

基　　金：中国石化科技部课题“炼油装置老旧技术特征与安全度评估技术研究”(323095)。

摘　　要：近年来,由危化品运输泄漏造成的安全风险引起人们的重视。统计分析了中国近年来发生的危化品运输事故,选取较为常见的液化石油气(LPG)运输事故作为研究对象,运用领结图分析法(Bow-tie)分析LPG装卸及运输的危害因素及事故后果,构建LPG运输全流程的Bow-tie分析模型,针对关键风险因素提出预防措施和事故后果减缓措施。结果表明,Bow-tie分析方法基于直观的安全结构图表,可以清晰表达LPG运输全流程事故原因、后果及对应预防、控制措施,有利于提升LPG运输安全管理水平。In recent years,the safety risks caused by leakage accidents of hazardous chemical transportation is concerned increasingly.A statistical analysis is conducted on the hazardous chemical transportation accidents that have occurred in China in recent years,the common liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)transportation accident is selected as the research object.The Bow-tie analysis method is used to analyze the hazard factors and accident consequences of LPG loading,unloading and transportation.A Bow-tie analysis model for the entire process is constructed.Preventive measures and accident consequence mitigation measures are proposed for key risk factors.The results indicate that the Bow-tie analysis method which is based on intuitive safety structure charts can clearly express the causes,consequences,and corresponding prevention and control measures of accidents throughout the entire process,which is conducive to improving the level of LPG transportation safety management.

关 键 词：危险化学品运输 装卸 泄漏事故 Bow-tie模型 减缓措施 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]