关节内注射纳米微球在骨关节炎治疗中的研究进展  

Research progress of intraarticular injection of nano-microspheres in the treatment of osteoarthritis

作　　者：王泽斌 葛以洲 张尧侃 吴蔚[1] 于晨 李俊刚 徐永丽 张鹏[1] 杨哲[1] 常峰[1] Wang Zebin;Ge Yizhou;Zhang Yaokan;Wu Wei;Yu Chen;Li Jungang;Xu Yongli;Zhang Peng;Yang Zhe;Chang Feng(Department of Orthopedics,Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030012,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学附属省人民医院骨科,太原030012

出　　处：《中华骨科杂志》2025年第6期387-392,共6页Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics

摘　　要：综述纳米微球(nano-microspheres,NPs)在骨关节炎治疗中的应用潜力及其面临的挑战。骨关节炎是一种与年龄、外伤和过度负重相关的退行性疾病,其治疗策略包括基础治疗、药物治疗、修复性治疗及重建性治疗等。NPs作为新兴的纳米材料,凭借其高比表面积、卓越的药物负载能力及良好的生物相容性,在促进软骨修复方面展现出独特优势,如通过磁机械控制间充质干细胞微球促进软骨细胞生成,以及利用仿生脂质体NPs结合氨基葡萄糖提升抗氧化水平。此外,NPs还能够有效调节炎症反应,如通过抑制M1型巨噬细胞形成并促进其向M2型转变来减轻炎症,并且一些NPs具有增强关节润滑、缓解疼痛的作用,如表面修饰有磷酸胆碱基团的透明质酸基NPs。然而,NPs的应用也面临生产成本高、部分种类生物相容性不佳、长期安全性未知等问题。尽管如此,随着纳米技术的进步及对骨关节炎病理机制的深入理解,NPs在未来将为骨关节炎患者提供新的治疗思路和更加全面有效的治疗方案。This article reviews the benifits and challenges of nano-microspheres(NPs)in the treatment of osteoarthritis(OA).OA is a degenerative disease associated with aging,trauma,and excessive loading,with treatment strategies including basic therapy,drug therapy,reparative therapy,and reconstructive surgery.As emerging nanomaterials,NPs offer unique advantages in promoting cartilage repair due to their high surface area,excellent drug-loading capacity,and good biocompatibility.These advantages include facilitating chondrocyte generation through magnetic-mechanical control of mesenchymal stem cell microspheres and enhancing antioxidant levels using biomimetic liposomal NPs combined with glucosamine.Additionally,NPs can effectively modulate inflammatory responses,such as by inhibiting the formation of M1 macrophages and promoting their polarization to the M2 type to alleviate inflammation.Some NPs also enhance joint lubrication and relieve pain,such as hyaluronic acid-based NPs modified with choline phosphate groups.However,the application of NPs faces challenges such as high production costs,poor biocompatibility for certain types,and unknown long-term safety.Despite these challenges,with advancements in nanotechnology and a deeper understanding of the pathological mechanisms of OA,NPs are expected to provide new therapeutic approaches and more comprehensive and effective treatment options for OA patients in the future.

关 键 词：纳米微球 骨关节炎 软骨 关节 炎症 生物相容性材料 

分 类 号：R684.3[医药卫生—骨科学]