二里头遗址出土青铜鼎的制作技术及相关问题讨论  

The Manufacturing Techniques and Related Issues of the Bronze Tripod Unearthed from the Erlitou Site

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作  者:廉海萍[1] LIAN Haiping

机构地区:[1]上海博物馆,上海200002

出  处:《中原文物》2025年第1期105-112,共8页Cultural Relics of Central China

基  金:国家社科基金后期资助项目“先秦时期青铜鼎制作技术的发展与演变”(项目编号:20FKGB003)阶段性成果。

摘  要:二里头遗址出土的铜鼎是目前中国有明确出土地点最早的铜鼎,通过分析青铜鼎的器型和鼎腹部保留的范线,其铸型由外范四范加底范组成。梳理了二里头一期双合范铸造,发展到二期外范双范加顶范的复合陶范法,三期与四期的外范双范加底范的铸型,演变为四期晚段青铜鼎由外范四范加底范的铸型,再到铜斝的外范三范无底范的铸型,在二里头四期晚段已经形成了商早期二里岗阶段三足铜器三分外范的技术传统。二里头文化时期奠定了中国青铜时代陶范铸造的基础。The bronze tripod unearthed from the Erlitou site is the earliest of its kind in China.By analyzing the mold assembly lines on its belly,it is revealed that its casting mold consists of four sub-molds and a bottom mold.Two of these sub-molds were used for casting bronze knives during the first phase of the Erlitou period.The composite mold method for casting bronze bells emerged in the second phase,while the casting of bronze jue and jia vessels occurred in the third and fourth phases.The casting techniques used at Erlitou laid the foundation for the advanced bronze casting methods seen in the early Shang dynasty and established a precedent for clay mold casting in China's Bronze Age.

关 键 词:青铜鼎 制作技术 二里头文化 

分 类 号:K876.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]

 

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