基于孟德尔随机化研究的高血压相关影响因素因果关联的证据图谱  

Evidence map of causal associations between hypertension and its influencing factors based on Mendelian randomization studies

作　　者：朱先尚 毛华博 曾泓钰 吕凤丽 王建成[2,4] ZHU Xianshang;MAO Huabo;ZENG Hongyu;LYU Fengli;WANG Jiancheng(The First Clinical Medical College,Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃省人民医院全科医学科,甘肃兰州730000 [3]兰州大学公共卫生学院,甘肃兰州730000 [4]甘肃卫生职业学院临床护理学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2025年第3期506-510,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：中国医药教育协会重大项目(2022KTZ010);甘肃省人民医院院内科研基金项目(22GSSYD-54)。

摘　　要：目的通过证据图谱系统识别、描述和评价高血压与其影响因素之间的因果关联的研究证据。方法检查中国知网、万方数据、PubMed和Web of Science数据库,检索时间截止到2023年10月18日,获取有关高血压与影响因素因果关联的孟德尔随机化研究。使用Excel对纳入研究进行数据提取和整理,并按照MR研究的三大假设对纳入研究进行描述性质量评价。采用证据图谱来综合呈现纳入研究的数量、暴露或结局、研究结果等内容。结果纳入108篇文献,共提取出182项孟德尔随机化研究。研究涉及高血压分别作为暴露或结局时,与相关影响因素之间的因果关系,并评估了9类暴露和7类结局与高血压的因果关联。97.80%的研究采用逆方差加权法,95.05%的研究是双样本MR设计。研究对象主要是欧洲人群,80.77%的研究结果基本满足了MR研究的三大假设,且研究结论差异有统计学意义。结论本研究系统总结了高血压与相关影响因素之间的因果关系,目前的MR研究主要集中在高血压与人体测量特征、常见疾病以及心脑血管疾病之间的因果关系。此外,仍需要进一步探究暴露因素对血压水平的具体影响,并制定孟德尔随机化研究的质量控制标准,以提高证据可靠性和外推性,为高血压的防治提供更准确的参考依据。Objective To systematically identify,describe,and evaluate research evidence on the causal association between hypertension and its influencing factors through an evidence mapping system.Methods A comprehensive search was conducted across CNKI,Wanfang Data,PubMed,and Web of Science databases up to October 18,2023 to obtain Mendelian randomization studies exploring causal associations between hypertension and influencing factors.Excel was used to extract and organize data incorporated into research,and to conduct the properties of the studies based on the three major assumptions of MR research.An evidence map was constructed to summarize the number of studies,exposures or outcomes,and research results.Results A total of 108 documents were included in this study,encompassing 182 Mendelian randomization studies.The research focused on exploring the causal relationship between hypertension,either as an exposure or an outcome,and various influencing factors.Nine categories of exposures and seven categories of outcomes related hypertension were identified.The majority(97.80%)of the studies utilized the inverse variance weighting method,and 95.05%utilized a two-sample MR design,primarily involving European populations.Approximately 80.77%of the studies met the three major assumptions of MR research,with statistically significant findings reported in most cases.Conclusion This study systematically summarizes the causal relationships between hypertension and its influencing factors.Current Mendelian randomization research primarily examines the causal links between hypertension and anthropometric characteristics,common diseases,and cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases.Furthermore,exploration is needed to clarify the specific effects of exposure factors on blood pressure levels and to establish quality control standards for MR studies.Improving the reliability and generalizability of evidence will provide more precise reference for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.

关 键 词：高血压 孟德尔随机化 循证医学 证据图谱 

分 类 号：R544.11[医药卫生—心血管疾病]