低卫生资源地区青春期女孩监护人HPV及HPV疫苗知晓率与接种意愿的影响因素分析  

Analysis of factors influencing HPV and HPV vaccine awareness and vaccination willingness among guardians of adolescent girls in low-resource areas

作　　者：卢林丽 党乐 赵艳霞 郑睿敏 李成云[4] 赵宇倩[5] 王岩[6] 丁晗玥 方佳琦 刘静怡 庞海玉[7] 朱兰[1,2] LU Linli;DANG Le;ZHAO Yanxia;ZHENG Ruimin;LI Chengyun;ZHAO Yuqian;WANG Yan;DING Hanyue;FANG Jiaqi;LIU Jinyi;PANG Haiyu;ZHU Lan(School of Population Medicine and Public Health,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric&Gynecologic Diseases,State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research of Major Diseases,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;National Center for Women and Children's Health,Beijing 100081,China;School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Gansu Lanzhou 730000,China;Office of Research Management,Sichuan Cancer Hospital,Sichuan Chengdu 610041,China;Office of Cancer Prevention and Control Research,Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital,Xinjiang Urumqi 830011,China;Institute of Clinical Medicine,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院,北京100730 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院妇产科,国家妇产疾病临床研究中心,重大疾病共性机制研究全国重点实验,北京100730 [3]国家卫生健康委妇幼健康中心,北京100081 [4]兰州大学公共卫生学院,甘肃兰州730000 [5]四川省肿瘤医院科研处,四川成都610041 [6]新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院肿瘤防治研究办公室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [7]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院临床医学研究所,北京100730

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2025年第4期7-14,共8页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2023YFC2705501);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2021-I2M-1-004);北京协和医院中央高水平医院临床科研专项(2022-PUMCH-D-003)。

摘　　要：目的本研究是一项以人群为基础的大规模宫颈癌防控研究,分析低卫生资源地区青春期女孩监护人对人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)及HPV疫苗的认知、接种意愿及其影响因素,为疫苗接种策略制定提供科学依据。方法研究于2022年7月至2024年4月采用横断面研究设计开展,在甘肃合作市、四川甘孜县和新疆托里县和山西武乡县通过问卷调查收集监护人基本人口学信息、HPV及HPV疫苗的知晓情况、接种意愿等。采用卡方检验和Logistic回归方法进行统计分析。结果本研究共收集有效问卷623份,监护人对HPV和HPV疫苗的知晓率分别为76.73%和88.60%。针对监护人HPV知晓率,多因素Logistic回归显示,35~39岁比45岁及以上的监护人HPV知晓率高(OR=1.911,95%CI:1.039~3.513);汉族比少数民族高(OR=2.332,95%CI:1.489~3.653);与小学及以下学历的监护人相比,初中与高中及以上学历HPV知晓率较高(OR=4.553,95%CI:2.618~7.919、OR=5.282,95%CI:2.878~9.693);已婚状态比其他婚姻状态HPV知晓率高(OR=2.416,95%CI:1.333~4.380);男性低于女性监护人(OR=0.559,95%CI:0.351~0.889)。针对监护人HPV疫苗知晓率,多因素Logistic回归显示,35~39岁及40~44岁的监护人与45及以上的监护人相比HPV疫苗知晓率较高(OR=2.430,95%CI:1.118~5.284、OR=2.778,95%CI:1.151~6.702)、初中与高中及以上学历较小学及以下学历高(OR=4.874,95%CI:2.477~9.588、OR=14.702,95%CI:5.699~37.928);汉族(OR=3.864,95%CI:1.943~7.684)的监护人知晓HPV疫苗的可能性较少数民族高;男性(OR=0.320,95%CI:0.173~0.593)监护人HPV疫苗知晓率相对女性较低。接种意愿方面,99.64%监护人愿意接种HPV疫苗,71.20%倾向二价疫苗。53.44%监护人可接受疫苗价格低于300元/每剂。监护人希望获取HPV疫苗信息的途径以医生咨询(86.41%)和权威讲座(81.70%)为主。结论研究表明,青春期女孩监护人对HPV及HPV疫苗认知水平及接种决策受性别、民族、学历等多因素影响,建议针对�Objective This study is a large-scale population-based cervical cancer prevention and control research project that analyzes the awareness of human papillomavirus(HPV)and HPV vaccines,vaccination willingness,and influencing factors among guardians of adolescent girls in low-resource areas.The findings aim to provide a scientific basis for vaccine policy formulation.Methods A cross-sectional study design was conducted from July 2022 to April 2024 in Hezuo City of Gansu Province,Ganzi County of Sichuan Province,Tuoli County of Xinjiang Province,and Wuxiang County of Shanxi Province.Questionnaires were used to collect demographic information,awareness of HPV and HPV vaccines,and willingness to vaccinate.Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were performed for statistical analysis.Results A total of 623 valid questionnaires were collected.The awareness rates of HPV and the HPV vaccine among guardians were 76.73%and 88.60%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that,compared to guardians aged 45 and above,those aged 35-39 had a higher awareness of HPV(OR=1.911,95%CI:1.039-3.513).Han ethnicity guardians had a higher awareness rate than ethnic minorities(OR=2.332,95%CI:1.489-3.653).Compared to guardians with primary school education or below,those with junior high school and high school or above had higher awareness rates(OR=4.553,95%CI:2.618-7.919 and OR=5.282,95%CI:2.878-9.693).Married guardians had higher awareness than those with other marital statuses(OR=2.416,95%CI:1.333-4.380).Male guardians had lower awareness than female guardians(OR=0.559,95%CI:0.351-0.889).Regarding guardians'HPV vaccine awareness,multifactorial logistic regression showed that guardians aged 35-39 and 40-44 had higher awareness than those aged 45 and above(OR=2.430,95%CI:1.118-5.284 and OR=2.778,95%CI:1.151-6.702).Guardians with junior high school and high school or above education had higher awareness than those with primary school education or below(OR=4.874,95%CI:2.477-9.588 and OR=14.702,95%CI:5.699-37.9

关 键 词：人乳头瘤病毒 人乳头瘤病毒疫苗 监护人 知晓率 接种意愿 影响因素 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]