纳米氢氧化镧磷吸附剂的制备及水体除磷研究  

Preparation of Nano Lanthanum Phosphorus Hydroxide Adsorbent with Application to Phosphorus Removal from Water

作　　者：赵岚 韩颖超[1,3] ZHAO Lan;HAN Yingchao(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Material Synthesis and Processing,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学材料复合新技术国家重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院,武汉430070 [3]武汉理工大学湖北省生物材料工程技术研究中心,武汉430070

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第8期48-54,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：湖北省国际科技合作项目(2023EHA056)。

摘　　要：吸附剂除磷是水体除磷的常用方式,镧基磷结合剂与其他磷吸附剂相比具有磷亲和性强、pH适用范围广、环境友好等优势。镧基磷结合剂中,氢氧化镧含镧量高,具有更大的除磷潜力。本研究采用沉淀法制备了纳米氢氧化镧用于水体除磷,通过正交设计得到材料最佳的制备条件为反应温度80℃、氯化镧溶液浓度0.12 mol·L^(-1)、反应时长1 h。使用透射电镜观察到制备的纳米氢氧化镧为长约65 nm、直径为5.8 nm的纳米棒。实验表明,纳米氢氧化镧可在较宽的pH范围(1~7)内有效吸附溶液中的磷,并且升高温度有利于磷吸附过程,在310 K、pH=3条件下纳米氢氧化镧的磷吸附容量可达131.11 mg·g^(-1)。纳米氢氧化镧磷吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型和Freundlich等温方程。X射线衍射、傅里叶红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱研究表明,纳米氢氧化镧除磷机制包括溶解沉淀、静电吸附以及磷酸盐与纳米氢氧化镧中的OH~-发生配体交换,最终形成稳定的内球配合物。Phosphorus removal by phosphorus adsorbent is a common way to remove phosphorus from water.Compared with other phosphorus adsorbents,lanthanum-based phosphorus binders have the advantages of strong phosphorus affinity,wide pH adaptability,and environmental friendliness.Among the lanthanum-based phosphorus binders,lanthanum hydroxide has high lanthanum content,and hence,greater phospho-rus removal potential.In this study,nano-lanthanum hydroxide was prepared by precipitation method for phosphorus removal in water.Through orthogonal test,the optimum preparation conditions were obtained as 1-hour reaction at 80℃and a LaCl_(3) solution of 0.12 mol·L^(-1).It was observed by transmission electron microscopy that the prepared nano-lanthanum hydroxide was nanorods with lengths of about 65 nm and diameters of 5.8 nm.The experimental results showed that nano-lanthanum hydroxide could effectively adsorb phosphorus in solution in a wide pH range(1-7),and the temperature rise was conducive to the phosphorus adsorption process.At 310 K and pH=3,the phosphorus adsorption capacity of nano-lanthanum hydroxide could reach 131.11 mg·g^(-1).The phosphorus adsorption process of nano-lanthanum hydroxide conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isothermal equation.X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)showed that the mechanism of nano-lanthanum hydroxide phosphorus removal included dissolution precipitation,electrostatic adsorption and ligand exchange between phosphate and OH^(-)in nano-lanthanum hydroxide to form stable inner sphere complexes.

关 键 词：纳米氢氧化镧 磷吸附剂 水体除磷 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]