陶瓷材料熔融沉积3D打印研究进展  

Research Progress in 3D Printing of Ceramic Materials by Fused Deposition Modeling

作　　者：李晨晓 李俊生[1] 陈雨洁 颜曼玲 陈玉蓉 万帆[1] LI Chenxiao;LI Junsheng;CHEN Yujie;YAN Manling;CHEN Yurong;WAN Fan(Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory,College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学空天科学学院,新型陶瓷纤维及其复合材料重点实验室,长沙410073

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第8期62-71,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52202123);湖南省自然科学基金(2023JJ40671)。

摘　　要：陶瓷材料具有高硬度、耐高温、电绝缘和生物相容性等优点,是航天、机械、电子和医学等领域的理想应用材料,但传统陶瓷制备方法无法满足当下对复杂结构以及定制化的需求。熔融沉积(FDM)陶瓷3D打印技术因具有成本低、适用范围广、效率高等优点,受重视程度和研究广度日益增加。这有望解决陶瓷高效打印及复杂结构研制困难问题。本文介绍了FDM打印陶瓷材料的工艺过程,包括原料制备、挤出成型和脱脂烧结,并阐述了其在纤维增强复合陶瓷材料领域的研究现状,分析了影响打印效果与陶瓷性能的主要因素,最后对陶瓷材料FDM的应用与发展进行了展望。Ceramic materials have advantages such as high hardness,high temperature resistance,electrical insulation,and bio-compatibility,making them ideal application materials in fields like aerospace,machinery,electronics,and medicine.However,conventional preparation methods cannot meet the current needs for complex structures and customization.The fused deposition modeling(FDM)3D printing of ceramic materials has gained increasing attention and research due to its advantages of low cost,wide applicability,and high efficiency.It is expected to fundamentally solve the problems of efficient printing and complex structure development in ceramics.In this paper,the processes of FDM,including feedstocks preparation,extrusion molding,debinding and sintering,were introduced and the research status of FDM in the field of fiber-reinforced composite ceramic materials was elaborated.The main factors affecting printing and properties were analyzed,and finally,application and deve-lopment of FDM in ceramic materials were prospected.

关 键 词：增材制造 熔融沉积 3D打印 陶瓷材料 

分 类 号：TB321[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]