基于二维图像和三维模型的泡沫铝结构表征的差异  

Differences in the Characterization of Aluminum Foam Structures Based on 2D Images and 3D Models

作　　者：陈新 罗洪杰 王理 吴林丽 栢天舒 廉德良[2] CHEN Xin;LUO Hongjie;WANG Li;WU Linli;BAI Tianshu;LIAN Deliang(Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Advance Materials Preparation Technology,School of Metallurgy of Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;Analysis and Testing Center,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110179,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学冶金学院材料先进制备技术教育部工程研究中心,沈阳110819 [2]中国科学院金属研究所分析测试中心,沈阳110179

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第8期205-212,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51874093);内蒙古2020科技创新引导项目(NMGKJCX202007);内蒙古2018“草原英才”引领项目;徐州市2022科技成果转化项目(KC22450)。

摘　　要：泡沫铝具有轻质、高能吸收等优点,在汽车工业、航空航天、建筑行业及环境保护等领域具有广阔的应用前景。泡沫金属细观结构的随机性对其压缩力学特性(特别是变形和失效)有深远的影响,因此,定量化表征泡沫铝的结构至关重要。本工作分别使用便携式桌面扫描仪和计算机层析成像(CT)对闭孔泡沫铝的微观结构进行表征,从二维和三维角度定量探讨了泡沫铝的孔径、孔隙率、壁厚等结构参数,比较了二维图像和三维模型表征泡沫铝结构参数的差异,以及泡沫铝整体和局部结构参数的差异。研究发现,二维图像测得的结构参数除孔隙率与圆度外基本与三维模型一致;三维模型各个方向的截面的结构参数略有差异,但与三维模型整体的结构参数比较接近。总体而言,三维模型的测量结果更准确,二维图像测量在时间和成本方面更具优势。本工作能为多孔材料尤其是大孔材料结构参数的定量化表征提供有益的参考。Aluminum foam,with the advantages of light weight and high energy absorption,has a broad application prospect in the automotive industry,aerospace,construction industry and environmental protection.The randomness of the mesostructure of metal foam has a profound impact on its compressive mechanical properties,especially deformation and failure,so it is important to quantitatively characterize the structure of aluminum foam.In this work,a portable desktop scanner and computed tomography(CT)were used to characterize the microstructure of closed-cell aluminum foam,and the structural parameters such as pore size,porosity,and wall thickness in aluminum foam were quantitatively discussed from two-dimensional and three-dimensional perspectives,and the differences in structural parameters of aluminum foam were compared between two-dimensional images and three-dimensional models,as well as the differences between global and local structural parameters of aluminum foam.The results showed that the structural parameters measured by 2D images are basically consistent with which by 3D model except for porosity and roundness.The structural parameters of the cross-sections in each direction measured by 3D model are slightly different,but they are closer to the specimen.Overall,the measurement results of 3D model are more accurate,while 2D image measurement is more advantageous in terms of time and cost.This work provides a useful reference for the quantitative characterization of the structural parameters of porous mate-rials,especially macroporous materials.

关 键 词：闭孔泡沫铝 二维结构表征 CT图像 三维重构模型 结构参数 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]