涉水环境材料损伤自修复策略研究进展  

Research Progress of Self-healing Strategies for Material Damage in Water-exposed Environments

作　　者：李伟华 杨杰 申婷 陈冲 汪志昊 LI Weihua;YANG Jie;SHEN Ting;CHEN Chong;WANG Zhihao(School of Civil Engineering and Communication,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Institute of Chemistry,Henan Academy of Sciences,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Academy of Sciences,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学土木与交通学院,郑州450046 [2]河南省科学院化学研究所,郑州450046 [3]河南省科学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第8期241-256,共16页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52271355);河南省科技开发联合基金“青年科学家”项目(225200810108);河南省科学院基本科研业务经费(230618023)。

摘　　要：自修复技术是材料损伤治理的前瞻性策略,相关研究发展至今已有近20年。然而,目前大多数自修复策略的研究都是基于大气环境,在设计之初鲜少考虑涉水环境中大量极性水分子影响,导致在遭遇涉水应用场景时修复效果不够理想。涉水环境是海工、水工以及生物电子器件等材料典型且普遍的特殊服役环境。近年来,研究者们逐渐开始关注该问题并开展了一系列研究。本文系统总结了涉水环境材料损伤自修复策略的研究进展,重点综述基于“趋利避害”(疏水相互作用、偶极-偶极相互作用、离子-偶极相互作用、德拜力)和“因地制宜”(儿茶酚化学、亚胺键以及硼酸酯键)两种思路的涉水环境材料损伤自修复策略。同时,介绍了一种基于水分子诱导加速自修复的“物理催化”型创新发现,对它们的修复机制进行了概述,最后对涉水环境材料损伤自修复策略研究进行了评述与展望。Self-healing technology has emerged as a promising strategy for material damage management,and related research has been underway for nearly two decades.However most of the current self-healing strategies are primarily designed for atmospheric environments,with limited consideration for the significant influence of abundant polar water molecules in aquatic environments.Consequently,when encountering application scenarios involving water exposure,the repair effectiveness of these strategies falls short of expectations.Aquatic environments are typical and widespread special service conditions for materials used in marine engineering,hydraulic engineering,and bioelectronic devices.In recent years,researchers have gradually shifted their attention towards this issue and conducted a series of studies.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent research progress in self-healing strategies for material damage in aquatic environments.The focus is placed on two approaches:‘water molecule shielding-based'(utilizing hydrophobic interactions,dipole-dipole interactions,ion-dipole interactions,and van der Waals forces)and‘water molecule exploitation-based'(employing catechol chemistry,imine bonds,and boronic ester bonds),and an overview of their repair mechanisms is summarized.The paper also concerns an innovative discovery based on water molecule-induced accelerated self-healing and adumbrates its mechanism,and finally ends with an evaluation and outlook of research on self-healing strategies in aquatic environments.

关 键 词：涉水环境 材料损伤 本征型自修复 水分子屏蔽 水分子利用 

分 类 号：TB381[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]