HIV母婴阻断婴幼儿营养状态及影响因素分析  

Analysis of nutritional status and impacting factors of infants with HIV mother-to-child blocking

作　　者：沈谏娣 马丙南 胡丹[1] 朱炜春 黄小鸣 林菁 王周菊 王律[1] 傅得佳 SHEN Jiandi;MA Bingnan;HU Dan;ZHU Weichun;HUANG Xiaoming;LIN Jing;WANG Zhouju;WANG Lv;FU Dejia(Department of Pediatrics,Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University,Guangdong,Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属市八医院儿科,广东广州510000

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2025年第6期39-43,共5页China Medicine And Pharmacy

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(A2022409);广东省广州市科技计划项目(2023A03J0627)。

摘　　要：目的 分析人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)母婴阻断婴幼儿营养状态及影响因素。方法 选择2019年1月至2021年6月广州医科大学附属市八医院接诊的114例接受规范母婴阻断治疗的HIV感染母亲所分娩婴幼儿作为研究组,另选同期医院收治的114例健康母亲分娩的健康足月儿作为对照组。比较两组婴幼儿营养状态评估相关指标(身高、体重、头围),分析两组研究对象在不同时点营养状态;根据研究组研究对象营养不良的发生情况,将研究组进一步分为营养不良组与非营养不良组,并对可能导致营养不良发生的影响因素进行logistic回归分析,探讨引起HIV母婴阻断婴幼儿营养不良的危险因素。结果 研究组婴幼儿1个月、3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月、18个月血红蛋白水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。研究组1个月、3个月、6个月时头围、身高、体重P3以下婴幼儿占比均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),研究组9个月、12个月、18个月时头围、身高、体重P3以下婴幼儿占比与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。HIV母婴阻断婴幼儿营养不良组与非营养不良组在性别、预防用药、出生时身长、出生时头围方面比较,差异均无统计学意义(P> 0.05);营养不良组6个月时添加辅食、母体妊娠期贫血、出生体重<2.5 kg婴幼儿、出生后接受药物阻断占比高于非营养不良组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。经logistic回归分析得出母体妊娠期贫血、出生体重低、出生后接受药物阻断是影响HIV母婴阻断婴幼儿营养不良的危险因素(P <0.05)。结论 HIV母婴阻断婴幼儿早期营养不良发生率较高,母体妊娠期贫血、出生体重低、出生后接受药物阻断是导致HIV母婴阻断婴幼儿营养不良的危险因素。Objective To analyze the nutritional status and impacting factors of infants with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)mother-to-child blocking.Methods Infants born to HIV-infected mothers underwent standardized mother-to-child blocking treatment and admitted to Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University from January 2019 to June 2021 were selected and divided into the study group(n=114),while other healthy full-term infants born to healthy mothers admitted to the same hospital during the same period were selected and divided into the control group(n=114).The related indices(height,weight,head circumference)of infant nutritional status evaluation were compared between the two groups,and the nutritional status of the two groups at different time points were analyzed.According to the incidence of malnutrition in the study group,it was further divided into the malnutrition group and the non-malnutrition group.Meanwhile,the impacting factors that might lead to malnutrition were analyzed by logistic regression to investigate the risk factors that caused HIV mother-to-child blocking of infant malnutrition.Results After 1 month,3 months,6 months,9 months,12 months and 18 months,the hemoglobin levels of infants in the study group were all lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).After 1 month,3 months and 6 months,the proportions of infants with head circumference,height and weight below P3 in the study group were all higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).After 9 months,12 months and 18 months,there were not statistically significant differences in the proportions of infants with head circumference,height and weight below P3 between the study group and the control group(P>0.05).There were not statistically significant differences between the malnutrition group and the non-malnutrition group in all terms of HIV mother-to-child blocking in gender,preventive medication,birth length and birth he

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 母婴阻断 身高 营养不良 出生体重 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R714.2[医药卫生—临床医学]