量化增稠剂在脑卒中吞咽障碍患者阶梯式摄食训练中的应用  

Application of quantitative thickener in stepwise feeding training for stroke patients with swallowing disorders

作　　者：郑焕弟 曾广坤 陈倩怡 姚雪榕 ZHENG Huandi;ZENG Guangkun;CHEN Qianyi;YAO Xuerong(Department of Neurology,Binhai Bay Central Hospital,Dongguan City,Guangdong,Dongguan 523900,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省东莞市滨海湾中心医院神经内科,广东东莞523900

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2025年第6期89-92,116,共5页China Medicine And Pharmacy

基　　金：广东省东莞市社会发展科技项目(20231800937072)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨量化增稠剂在脑卒中吞咽障碍患者阶梯式摄食训练中的应用。方法 前瞻性选取2023年10月至2024年9月东莞市滨海湾中心医院神经内科脑卒中吞咽障碍患者80例为研究对象。按随机数表法分为对照组(n=40)和试验组(n=40)。对照组给予鼻管护理,实施常规口腔护理及健康宣教等。试验组在常规治疗基础上通过量化增稠剂(适可舒)进行早期阶梯式摄食训练,分别给予患者低稠、中稠、高稠3种稠度的食物。记录留置胃管时间,鼻饲管拔管例数,治疗7、12 d吞咽功能疗效及不良反应。结果 试验组留置胃肠管道时间短于对照组,鼻饲管拔管率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。与对照组比较,试验组7、12 d的吞咽功能疗效均更高,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。试验组不良反应总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 在脑卒中引起的吞咽障碍患者中应用量化增稠剂阶梯式摄食训练方法,有助于促进其吞咽功能的恢复,减少并发症。Objective To investigate the application of quantitative thickener in stepwise feeding training for stroke patients with swallowing disorders.Methods A total of 80 stroke patients with swallowing disorders admitted to the Department of Neurology in Binhai Bay Central Hospital,Dongguan City from October 2023 to September 2024 were prospectively selected as research objects.They were divided into the control group(n=40)and the experimental group(n=40)according to the random number table method.The control group was treated with nasal cannula care,conventional oral care,and health education,while the experimental group was treated with early stepwise feeding training with a quantitative thickener(Shikeshu)on the basis of conventional treatment,and patients were provided with three types of food with different viscosities:low,medium,and high.The duration of gastric tube retention,the number of cases of nasogastric tube extubation,the efficacy of swallowing function treatment for 7 and 12 days,and adverse reactions(ADRs)were recorded.Results The retention time of gastrointestinal tract in the experimental group was shorter than that in the control group,and the removal rate of nasogastric feeding tube in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group,with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the swallowing function efficacy of the experimental group was higher at 7 and 12 days,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The total incidence of ADRs in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of quantitative thickener stepwise feeding training method in patients with swallowing disorders caused by stroke can help promote the recovery of swallowing function and reduce complications.

关 键 词：量化增稠剂 脑卒中 吞咽障碍 摄食训练 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]