考虑装配偏差的径向对接螺栓装配过程精细化仿真研究  

Refined Simulation Study of Radial Connecting Bolts Assembly Process Considering Assembly Deviation

作　　者：任一龙 徐建超 韩克 冯韶伟 REN Yilong;XU Jianchao;HAN Ke;FENG Shaowei(Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering,Beijing 100076,China;Oriental Bluesky Titannium Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yantai 264003,China)

机构地区：[1]北京宇航系统工程研究所,北京100076 [2]东方蓝天钛金科技有限公司,烟台264003

出　　处：《宇航总体技术》2025年第2期59-68,共10页Astronautical Systems Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(52405172)。

摘　　要：螺栓紧固连接是运载火箭极为重要的环节,螺栓预紧力是影响对接结构安全和可靠性的关键因素,然而装配偏差难以避免,其对预紧力形成的影响规律尚不清晰,影响了实际装配过程的预紧力控制。通过理论分析了存在装配偏差时径向对接螺栓的预紧力形成机理,设计了径向对接螺栓的多层连接结构精细化仿真分析方法,研究了装配偏差和配合间隙对螺栓的预紧力形成、受力状态的影响,并分析了螺栓装配的极限边界。结果表明:装配偏差引起径向对接螺栓装配预紧力转化降低,其影响程度与装配孔间隙有关,还影响螺栓装配扭矩极限边界。该仿真分析方法可有效指导存在装配偏差时螺栓的拧紧过程,实现螺栓预紧力的精确预示。Bolt connection is an extremely crucial link in aerospace equipment segments,in which the bolt preload is a pivotal factor affecting the safety and reliability of the connection docking structure.However,assembly deviation is difficult to avoid,and its influence on the formation of preload is not clear,which affects the control of preload in the actual assembly process.In this paper,the mechanism of the radial connecting bolt preload formation in the presence of assembly deviation is theoretically analyzed,and a refined simulation and analysis method of the multi-layer connection structure of radial connection bolts is established.The effects of assembly deviation and fit gap on the formation of bolt preload and the bolt force state are investigated,and the limit boundary of the bolt assembly is analyzed.The results show that the increase in assembly deviation leads to the decrease of the preload force converted by torque.The influence of assembly deviation is related to the fit gap.The limit torque moment boundary of the bolt assembly is affected by the assembly deviation.The simulation and analysis method can effectively guide the tightening process of bolts in the presence of assembly deviation and realize the accurate prognosis of bolt preload.

关 键 词：径向对接螺栓 装配偏差 精细化仿真 螺栓预紧力 

分 类 号：V414[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]