不宁腿综合征鉴别诊断的研究进展  

Differential diagnosis of restless legs syndrome

作　　者：朱潇颖[1] 冯娅[1] 王茜茜(综述) 吴云成(审校)[1] ZHU Xiaoying;FENG Ya;WANG Xixi(Department of Neurology,Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200080,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属第一人民医院神经内科,上海200080

出　　处：《中风与神经疾病杂志》2025年第3期221-226,F0003,共7页Journal of Apoplexy and Nervous Diseases

基　　金：中国科技部脑计划重大项目(2021ZD0201900,2021ZD0201905)。

摘　　要：不宁腿综合征(RLS)是一种常见的感觉运动障碍疾病,其诊断依赖于患者描述的主观临床症状,而缺乏特异性的辅助检查或生物标志物。对于一些不典型病例,RLS的诊断依然充满挑战。多种其他疾病可以模拟RLS的临床症状比如腿部不适、腿痛和腿部异常运动等。本文总结了容易与RLS症状相混淆的RLS类似症(RLS mimics),包括可引起腿部不适和腿痛的神经源性、血管性以及骨骼肌肉等相关因素,以及可能与RLS症状相交叠的睡眠相关运动障碍疾病的鉴别。希望有助于临床医生正确识别RLS表型、同时为容易与RLS混淆的疾病提供一些诊断参考。Restless legs syndrome(RLS)is a common neurological sensory-motor disorder,and the diagnosis of RLS mainly rely on the subjective clinical symptoms described by the patient,with a lack of specific auxiliary examinations or biomarkers.The diagnosis of this disease is still challenging for atypical cases.Various other diseases may have similar clinical symptoms as RLS,such as leg discomfort,leg pain and abnormal leg movement.This article summarizes the RLS mimics that might be confused with RLS symptoms,including the neurogenic,vascular,and musculoskeletal factors that might cause leg discomfort and pain,as well as the differential diagnosis of sleep-related movement disorders with symptoms overlapped with RLS,so as to help clinicians recognize RLS phenotype and provide a reference for the diagnosis of diseases that might be confused with RLS.

关 键 词：不宁腿综合征 鉴别诊断 腿部不适 腿痛 腿动 

分 类 号：R338.63[医药卫生—人体生理学] R741.041[医药卫生—基础医学]