重型颅脑创伤患者手术麻醉中右美托咪定的运用效果  

Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Surgical Anesthesia in Patients with Severe Craniocerebral Trauma

作　　者：许艳淑 XU Yanshu(Department of Anesthesiology,Fengcheng Hospital of Fengxian District in Shanghai,Shanghai,201411,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市奉贤区奉城医院麻醉科,上海201411

出　　处：《中外医疗》2025年第7期48-51,共4页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

摘　　要：目的分析重型颅脑创伤患者手术麻醉过程中应用右美托咪定的效果。方法随机选取2021年12月—2023年12月上海市奉贤区奉城医院诊治80例重型颅脑创伤患者作为研究对象,根据麻醉方法差异分为对照组(40例,常规给予全身麻醉药物)与观察组(40例,在对照组基础上增加右美托咪定)。对比两组麻醉相关指标、术中生命体征变化、不良反应发生率。结果相较于对照组,观察组麻醉苏醒时间、苏醒期躁动程度评价均较优,而气管插管拔除时间长于对照组,术中不同阶段平均动脉压与心率,观察组均较高,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。与对照组20.00%(8/40)的不良反应总发生率相比,观察组为5.00%(2/40),较低,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.114,P=0.043)。结论重型颅脑创伤患者手术麻醉中使用右美托咪定可以有效缩短麻醉苏醒时间,降低苏醒期躁动程度,延长气管插管拔除时间,患者在术中不同阶段生命体征变化幅度更加稳定,同时可以减少麻醉不良反应发生。Objective To explore the application effect of dexmedetomidine in surgical anesthesia for people with severe craniocerebral trauma.Methods A total of 80 patients with severe craniocerebral trauma admitted to Fengcheng Hospital of Fengxian District in Shanghai from December 2021 to December 2023 were randomly selected as the research objects.According to the differences in anesthesia,the patients were divided into the control group(40 cases,routinely given general anesthetic drugs)and the observation group(40 cases,with dexmedetomidine added on the basis of the control group).The anesthesia-related indicators,changes in intraoperative vital signs,and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the anesthesia recovery time and the evaluation of agitation during the recovery period in the observation group were both superior,the time for tracheal intubation removal in the observation group was longer than that in the control group,the mean arterial pressure and heart rate at different stages during the operation were both higher in the observation group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Compared with the 20.00%(8/40)total incidence of adverse reactions in the control group that in the observation was 5.00%(2/40),which was lower,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.114,P=0.043).Conclusion The use of dexmedetomidine in surgical anesthesia for patients with severe craniocerebral trauma can effectively shorten the recovery time of anesthesia,reduce the degree of agitation during the recovery period,and prolong the extubation time of tracheal intubation.The changes of vital signs at different stages of the operation are more stable,and the incidence of adverse reactions to anesthesia can be reduced.

关 键 词：手术 麻醉 重型颅脑创伤 右美托咪定 不良反应发生率 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]