政策渊源:一种新的政策计量模式  

Sources of Policy:A New Mode of Policiometrics

作　　者：霍帆帆 霍朝光 姚宇奇 Huo Fanfan;Huo Chaoguang;Yao Yuqi(Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China,Beijing,100038;School of Information Resource Management,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872;Koguan School of Law,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200030)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术信息研究所,北京100038 [2]中国人民大学信息资源管理学院,北京100872 [3]上海交通大学凯原法学院,上海200030

出　　处：《信息资源管理学报》2025年第2期46-58,共13页Journal of Information Resources Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于图机器学习的学科交叉主题识别与预测研究”(72374202);国家自然科学基金青年项目“基于广度学习的学科主题演化预测研究”(72004221)的研究成果。

摘　　要：政策计量以及政策文本量化分析对于揭示政策中的复杂规律具有重要作用,限于目前政策计量模式单一、缺乏创新,本文借鉴法律渊源的内涵和体系,提出政策渊源这一新概念体系,并根据不同政策渊源提示词的内涵,凝练出援引类、执行类、准用类、效用调整类等四大类政策渊源,首次构建了包含17个子类的政策渊源类别体系,并以地方数据治理政策为例进行实证分析。结果表明,政策渊源模式能够对政策之间的关系进行有效的计量和分析,不同政策渊源类别能够充分表征各自关系的内涵,实证结果在一定程度上反映了数据治理不同政策渊源以及渊源网络所呈现的规律,揭示了现有数据治理政策之间的政策渊源所存在的问题和不足。本文提出的政策渊源模式,为政策量化分析提供了一种新模式,丰富了现有政策信息学方法论。Policiometrics and policy text quantification analysis play an important role in uncovering complex patterns within policies.However,existing policiometrics models are relatively simplistic and lack innovation.Drawing inspiration from the connotation and system of source of law,this paper proposes a new model called"sources of policy".Unlike the sources of law that focus solely on tracing legal sources or policy diffusion that examines the spread and adoption of policies among different levels and regions of government,sources of policy emphasize the legal basis,value foundation,ideological basis,and spiritual basis of policy formulation.It refers to the superior policies,ideological origins,related requirements,overall guidelines,or general instructions of a given policy.Based on the underlying meanings of various source of policy indicators,four primary categories are identified:citation-based source of policy,implementation-based sources of policy,application-based source of policy,and utility-adjustment-based source of policy.For the first time,a comprehensive category system comprising 17 subclasses of sources of policy is developed.An empirical analysis is conducted using local data governance policies as a case study.The findings reveal that this source of policy model effectively quantifies and analyzes policy interrelationships.Different sources of policy categories comprehensively depict the implications of their respective relationships.Using local data governance policies as an example,the model partially reflects the patterns presented by different sources of policy and source network in data governance,while also uncovering issues and deficiencies in the sources of policy of existing data governance policies.This model holds significant value in unveiling dynamic policy changes and interrelations.It is applicable across various domains,offering a new framework for policy quantification analysis research and enriching existing policy research methodologies.

关 键 词：政策渊源 法律渊源 体系构建 数据治理 政策计量 

分 类 号：G353.1[文化科学—情报学]