医疗人工智能侵权损害保险救济制度研究  

Study on Insurance Remedy Mechanism for Tort Damage by Medical Artificial Intelligence

作　　者：孙焱 SUN Yan(Tianjin University Law School,Tianjin 300072)

机构地区：[1]天津大学法学院,天津300072

出　　处：《汕头大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2024年第8期18-25,94,共9页Journal of Shantou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：医疗人工智能技术的辅助性质、内在的“黑箱”复杂度,以及其自我学习与半自主运行的特点,共同构成了在涉及此类技术的医疗损害案件中认定责任主体与确定救济路径的重大障碍。其凸显出现行法律制度在应对新兴科技挑战时的滞后性以及医疗人工智能侵权受害人的法律救济困境,如风险源头和责任主体认定难、证明过错及因果关系难等。鉴于传统侵权损害赔偿救济制度适用于医疗人工智能侵权损害救济的缺陷,有必要引入保险救济制度,通过该制度在风险分摊和加速赔付方面的优势,解决医疗人工智能侵权损害赔偿责任认定的技术依赖性和结果不确定性问题,为受侵害者权益提供及时便利的保障,推进医疗人工智能技术的研发、生产和应用,增进社会整体利益。In medical damage cases involving medical artificial intelligence,identifying the subject of liability and figuring out the path to relief is hampered by the auxiliary nature,the inherent“black box”complexity of this technology,and its self-learning and semi-autonomous operating.This demonstrates the shortcomings of the current legal system in addressing the issues posed by developing technologies as well as the difficulties faced by victims of medical AI torts seeking legal recourse,including the difficulty in determining the responsible party and the source of risk as well as the difficulties in establishing fault and causation.Given the shortcomings of the traditional tort damages relief system that applies to medical AI tort damages relief,it is necessary to introduce the insurance relief system.By virtue of the system’s advantages in risk sharing and accelerated compensation,this system will solve the technical dependence and uncertainty of the results in the determination of medical AI tort damages liability,provide timely and convenient protection for the victim’s rights and interests,and encourage the development,production,and application of medical AI technology,all of which will improve overall social welfare.

关 键 词：智能医疗 侵权行为 责任主体 救济措施 保险制度 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学] TP18[政治法律—法学]