神经调节辅助通气在重症脑血管病机械通气困难撤机患者中的应用  

Application of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist in patients with severe cerebrovascular diseases and weaning difficulty from mechanical ventilation

作　　者：汤云 窦云有 赖年升 姚林 Tang Yun;Dou Yunyou;Lai Niansheng;Yao Lin(Department of Neurosurgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College(Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College),Wuhu,Anhui 241001,China)

机构地区：[1]皖南医学院第一附属医院(皖南医学院弋矶山医院)神经外科,安徽省芜湖市241001

出　　处：《中国脑血管病杂志》2025年第3期157-167,共11页Chinese Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81701357);安徽省卫生健康软科学研究项目(2020WR04009);弋矶山医院科技创新团队“攀峰”培育计划项目(PF2019014)。

摘　　要：目的探讨神经调节辅助通气(NAVA)模式对重症脑血管病机械通气困难撤机患者撤机结局的影响。方法前瞻性连续纳入2019年11月至2021年11月入住皖南医学院第一附属医院(皖南医学院弋矶山医院)神经外科重症监护病房(ICU)的重症脑血管病机械通气困难撤机患者。采用随机数字表法将患者分为NAVA组和压力支持通气(PSV)组。收集两组患者基线及临床资料,包括性别、年龄、主要诊断、既往史(高血压病、卒中、呼吸系统疾病、糖尿病、冠心病)、体质量指数、急性生理学与慢性健康状况(APACHE)Ⅱ评分、格拉斯哥昏迷量表(GCS)评分、困难撤机类型[首次自主呼吸试验(SBT)失败、首次撤机拔除气管插管后48 h内再插管]、随机前机械通气时间等。收集随机后SBT及撤机相关指标,包括随机后SBT实施前呼吸力学及参数情况(气道峰压、呼出潮气量、呼气末正压、吸入氧浓度、分钟通气量、平均气道压、膈肌电活动信号值、神经通气效能、神经机械效能)、通过SBT后撤机前的基础生命体征(平均动脉压、呼吸、心率)、撤机前48 h内血常规(白细胞、血红蛋白)和生化检查(白蛋白、肌酐、肌钙蛋白、B型钠尿肽)及撤机前30 min内动脉血气情况(PH值、二氧化碳分压、氧分压、碳酸氢根离子、氧合指数)。主要观察指标包括随机后28 d内成功撤机所需时间(患者在随机后第28天前死亡或未能成功撤机,则定义所需撤机时间为28 d)、随机后总机械通气时间、随机后28 d内总撤机成功率、无机械通气时间(随机后7、14、28 d内)、随机后28 d和90 d内生存时间、ICU住院时间、总住院时间及两组患者随机后28 d内累积撤机成功率。次要观察指标包括随机后机械通气期间气管切开率、随机后ICU内病死率、随机后28 d和90 d内病死率、随机后机械通气期间相关并发症(呼吸机相关肺炎、急性呼吸窘迫综合征�Objective To explore the impact of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist(NAVA)mode on the weaning outcomes of patients with severe cerebrovascular disease who have weaning difficulty from mechanical ventilation.Methods Patients with severe cerebrovascular disease who had weaning difficulty from mechanical ventilation and were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit(ICU)of Neurosurgery Departement,the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College(Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College)from November 2019 to November 2021 were prospectively and consecutively included.They were randomly divided into the NAVA group and the pressure support ventilation(PSV)group using a random number table,with 28 patients in each group.Baseline and clinical data of the two groups were collected,including gender,age,main diagnosis,past medical history(hypertension,stroke,respiratory diseases,diabetes,coronary heart disease),body mass index,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation(APACHE)Ⅱscore,Glasgow coma scale(GCS)score,types of difficult weaning(failure of the first spontaneous breathing trial[SBT],re-intubation within 48 h after the first weaning attempt),and mechanical ventilation time before randomization.SBT and weaning-related indicators after randomization were collected,including respiratory mechanics and parameters before SBT implementation after randomization(peak airway pressure,expiratory tidal volume,positive end-expiratory pressure,inspired oxygen concentration,minute ventilation,mean airway pressure,diaphragmatic electrical activity signal value,neural ventilation efficiency,neural mechanical efficiency),basic vital signs(mean arterial pressure,respiratory heart rate)before weaning after passing SBT,blood routine(white blood cells,hemoglobin)and biochemical tests(albumin,creatinine,troponin,B-type natriuretic peptide)within 48 h before weaning,and arterial blood gas within 30 min before weaning(pH,partial pressure of carbon dioxide,partial pressure of oxygen,bicarbonate ion,oxygenation index).The primary

关 键 词：交互式通气支持 呼吸 人工 通气机撤除法 重症监护病房 脑血管障碍 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R743[医药卫生—临床医学]