公共服务市场化中的关系网络与合同绩效:来自中国PPP项目的证据  

Network Relationships and Contract Performance in the Marketization of Public Services:Evidence from China s PPP Project

作　　者：熊伟 沈晓菲 林佳佳 Wei Xiong;Xiaofei Shen;Jiajia Lin

机构地区：[1]同济大学经济与管理学院公共管理系 [2]同济大学经济与管理学院

出　　处：《公共行政评论》2025年第2期85-103,198,共20页Journal of Public Administration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“PPP模式下企业行政负担的形成机理、影响后果与应对机制”(72374155);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“新基建驱动区域平衡充分发展长效机制研究”(21JZD029)。

摘　　要：公共服务市场化是提高公共服务供给效率的重要路径。然而,关于公共服务市场化的已有文献主要从公共部门的视角切入,忽视了作为市场主体的承包商的影响,从而无法全面解释公共服务市场化中出现的“市场失灵”现象。论文基于2014—2019年政府与社会资本合作(PPP)项目的数据,结合社会网络分析和生存分析的方法,实证检验了公共服务市场化中企业关系网络对合同外包绩效的影响效应和作用机制。研究发现,拥有良好先天政治和业务资源禀赋的承包商会拥有更好的合同绩效,在先天资源禀赋一定的情况下,占据关系网络中更优越位置的承包商也会拥有更好的合同绩效;另外,承包商通过采取与行政层级更高的企业进行合作的策略,从网络中汲取更多的政治资源,可以加强其在网络中的优越位置以及对合同绩效的积极影响。上述结论表明,承包商在公共服务外包市场中通过积极、合理地选择合作伙伴,能在一定程度上改变先天资源禀赋支配下“强则恒强”的竞争逻辑,构建多元市场主体“百花齐放”的市场格局。The marketization of public services represents a significant approach to enhancing the efficiency of public service provision.However,existing literature on the marketization of public services has primarily approached the topic from the perspective of the public sector,neglecting the impact of contractors as market actors,and thus has been unable to provide a comprehensive explanation for the phenomenon of“market failure”within the marketization of public services.This study,based on data from Public-private Partnership(PPP)projects from 2014 to 2019,combines social network analysis and survival analysis methods to empirically test the effects and mechanisms of enterprise relationship networks on the performance of outsourced contracts in the marketization of public services.The research finds that contractors with favorable inherent political and business resource endowments tend to have better contract performance.In situations with certain inherent resource endowments,contractors in superior positions within the relationship network also tend to have better contract performance.Additionally,contractors can enhance their advantageous position in the network s positive impact on contract performance by adopting the strategy of collaborating with enterprises with higher administrative ranking and drawing more political resources from the network.The conclusion suggests that contractors can change the competition logic in the public service outsourcing market,which is dominated by inherent resource endowments,and build a diverse market structure to some extent through actively and judiciously selecting partners.The research findings provide insights for the institutional construction of the public service outsourcing market.

关 键 词：公共服务市场化 企业关系网络 政府与社会资本合作(PPP) 合同绩效 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]