瑞利波-体波复合EMAT及缺陷检测研究  

Research on Rayleigh-bulk wave composite EMAT and defect detection

作　　者：陈果 王雪梅[1] 倪文波[1] 武森林 Chen Guo;Wang Xuemei;Ni Wenbo;Wu Senlin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,成都610031

出　　处：《电子测量技术》2025年第4期108-117,共10页Electronic Measurement Technology

摘　　要：针对传统的超声无损检测技术存在检测盲区,单一的超声探头无法同时检测试件表面和内部缺陷的问题,基于电磁超声原理,设计了一种新型电磁超声换能器,能够同时激发瑞利波和横波,实现对试件表面和内部缺陷的同时检测。基于COMSOL建立了瑞利波-体波复合EMAT仿真模型,分析了复合电磁超声波产生及其与缺陷相互作用的机理。设计制作了复合EMAT并建立了电磁超声信号检测系统,对定制的铝合金试件进行了表面及内部缺陷检测与定位检测试验,结果表明,利用所设计的瑞利波-体波复合EMAT,既能有效探测到表面缺陷回波,又能检测到内部缺陷回波,且对表面缺陷的检测定位误差为0.48%,对内部缺陷的检测定位误差为0.7%。To address the limitations of traditional ultrasonic nondestructive testing techniques,which often have detection blind spots and cannot simultaneously detect both surface and internal defects in test specimens,a novel Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer was designed based on the principles of electromagnetic ultrasonics.This EMAT can simultaneously generate Rayleigh and shear waves,enabling concurrent detection of surface and internal defects in specimens.A rayleigh-bulk wave composite EMAT simulation model was developed in COMSOL to analyze the generation mechanisms of the composite ultrasonic waves and their interactions with defects.The composite EMAT was designed and fabricated,and an electromagnetic ultrasonic signal detection system was established.Detection and localization experiments were conducted on custom aluminum alloy specimens containing surface and internal defects.The results indicate that the designed rayleigh-bulk wave composite EMAT effectively detects both surface and internal defect echoes,achieving a localization error of 0.48%for surface defects and 0.7%for internal defects.

关 键 词：电磁超声换能器 瑞利波 体波 缺陷检测 

分 类 号：TB553[理学—物理] TN98[理学—声学]