谷瘟病、谷锈病混合发生区的药剂防控与产量损失  

Chemical Control and Yield Loss of Mixed Occurrence of Foxtail Millet Leaf Blast and Rust

作　　者：马继芳[1] 王永芳[1] 白辉[1] 张梦雅 刘佳[1] 李志勇[1] 董志平[1] MA Ji-fang(Institute of Millet Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/National Foxtail Millet Improvement Center/Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Utilization for Featured Coarse Cereals(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Minor Cereal Crops of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050035)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院谷子研究所/国家谷子改良中心/农业农村部特色杂粮遗传改良与利用重点实验室(部省共建)/河北省杂粮研究实验室,河北石家庄050035

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2025年第2期86-90,共5页Horticulture & Seed

基　　金：国家谷子高粱产业技术体系(CARS-06-14.5-A25);河北省农林科学院基本科研业务费包干制项目资助(HBNKY-BGZ-02);河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(HBCT2024080204)。

摘　　要：[目的]初步明确谷瘟病、谷锈病混合发生区的药剂防控效果及产量损失。[方法]首先通过室内抑菌试验筛选有效药剂浓度,之后使用人工接种+自然感病的方法检测田间实际防效并进行小区测产。[结果]室内抑菌试验得到7种有较强抑菌效果的药剂,使用这7种药剂最低有效浓度进行田间喷雾后,各药剂处理区叶瘟病情指数均与对照无显著差异;按推荐剂量使用中等偏大浓度后,各处理区叶瘟病情指数均与对照呈现极显著差异,各药剂间差异不显著,但对谷锈病的控制效果差异明显,其中苯甲·嘧菌酯、丙环·嘧菌酯、苯醚甲环唑、嘧菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯对谷锈病防效较好,喷雾3次后理论产量较对照增产18.04%~35.57%。[结论]苯甲·嘧菌酯、丙环·嘧菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯适用于叶瘟、谷锈病混合发生区,具有较好的防控及增产效果。[Objective]The aim was to preliminarily clarify the pesticide control effect and yield loss in the mixed occurrence areas of millet leaf blast and rust.[Method]Effective pesticide concentrations were first screened through indoor antibacterial tests,and then the actual control effectiveness in the field was tested using artificial inoculation and natural disease susceptibility methods,and the yield was tested in small plots.[Result]There was no significant difference between the disease index of leaf blast in each treatment area and the control using the seven fungicides with strong bacteriostatic effect obtained from the indoor after the field spray with the lowest effective concentration.The disease index of leaf blast in each treatment area was significantly different from that of the control after the recommended dosage was used at a moderate to high concentration,but there was no significant difference among the different pesticides.However,there was a significant difference in the control effect on rust disease,among which difenoconazole·azoxystrobin,propiconazole·azoxystrobin,difenoconazole,azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin had better control effects on rust disease.After three times of spray,the theoretical yield increased by 18.04%-35.57%compared with the control.[Conclusion]Difenoconazole·azoxystrobin,propiconazole·azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin are suitable for the mixed occurrence area of millet leaf blast and rust,and have good prevention and control and yield increase effects.

关 键 词：谷瘟病 谷锈病 混合发生 防控 产量损失 

分 类 号：S435.155[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]