鄱阳湖周缘地下水中磷的空间分布与富集机理  

Spatial distribution and enrichment mechanism of phosphorus in groundwater around Poyang Lake

作　　者：葛正 张馨心 柯贤忠 黎曙毓[1,2] 黎清华 邓娅敏[1] GE Zheng;ZHANG Xinxin;KE Xianzhong;LI Shuyu;Li Qinghua;DENG Yamin(School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430078,China;Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430078 [2]中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2025年第2期273-281,294,共10页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221755)。

摘　　要：磷是地表水体中的重要限制性营养元素,地下水中的磷是地表水中总磷的重要来源之一。研究地下水中磷的空间分布及其富集机理,可为区域湿地生态安全和地下水资源的合理开发利用提供科学依据。以鄱阳湖周缘的江北平原和鄱阳湖平原地下水为研究对象,应用水化学分析和多元统计分析等方法,查明了鄱阳湖流域地下水中磷含量的空间分布特征及其富集机理。结果表明:江北平原地下水中磷的浓度范围为0~2.52 mg/L,其中48.57%的样本点超过Ⅳ类地表水中磷浓度的限值(0.40 mg/L),其主要分布于长江古河道及长江河曲附近,江北平原地下水中磷富集的主要原因是铁氧化物的还原性溶解和有机质的降解;鄱阳湖平原地下水中磷的浓度为0~1.95 mg/L,其中12.82%的样本点超过Ⅳ类地表水中磷浓度的限值,集中分布于赣江三角洲局部区域,除了铁氧化物的还原性溶解外,鄱阳湖平原地下水中的磷主要来源于人类活动。研究结果对鄱阳湖周缘地区地下水资源的可持续开发利用和生态环境保护具有重要的现实意义。Phosphorus is an important limiting nutrient element in surface water bodies,and phosphorus in groundwater is one of the significant sources of total phosphorus in surface water.Studying the spatial distribution and enrichment mechanism of phosphorus in groundwater can provide a scientific basis for regional wetland ecological security and the rational development and utilization of groundwater resources.Taking the groundwater in Jiangbei Plain and Poyang Lake Plain around Poyang Lake as the research objects,water chemical analysis and multivariate statistical analysis methods were applied to clarify the spatial distribution characteristics and enrichment mechanism of phosphorus in groundwater in Poyang Lake Plain.The results show that the concentration range of phosphorus in groundwater in Jiangbei Plain is 0 to 2.52 mg/L,and 48.57%of the sample points exceed the limit value of phosphorus concentration in ClassⅣsurface water environment(0.40 mg/L).It is mainly distributed in the ancient Yangtze River channel and the vicinity of the Yangtze River meander.The main reason for the enrichment of phosphorus in groundwater in Jiangbei Plain is the reductive dissolution of iron oxides and the degradation of organic matter.The concentration of phosphorus in groundwater in Poyang Lake Plain is 0 to 1.95 mg/L,and 12.82%of the sample points exceed the limit value of phosphorus concentration in ClassⅣsurface water environment,which is concentrated in the local area of Ganjiang River Delta.In addition to the reductive dissolution of iron oxides,the phosphorus in groundwater in Poyang Lake Plain mainly comes from human activities.The research results have important practical significance for the sustainable development and utilization of groundwater resources and ecological environment protection in the areas around Poyang Lake.

关 键 词：磷 地下水 空间分布 富集机理 鄱阳湖 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]