陶枣盆地岩溶水水化学特征及劣变机制  

Hydrochemical characteristics and degradation mechanism of karst water in Taozao Basin

作　　者：曹杰 邢立亭 陈洪年[2] 张飞[2] 邢学韬 刘锁柱 赵洋洋 邓兴 高帅 CAO Jie;XING Liting;CHEN Hongnian;ZHANG Fei;XING Xuetao;LIU Suozhu;ZHAO Yangyang;DENG Xing;GAO Shuai(School of Water Conservancy and Environment,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,China;Lunan Geo-Engineering Exploration Institute of Shandong Province,Yanzhou 272100,China;No.801 Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Brigade of Shandong Exploration Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources(Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute),Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学水利与环境学院,山东济南250022 [2]山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院,山东兖州272100 [3]山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队(山东省地矿工程勘察院),山东济南250014

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2025年第2期282-294,共13页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42272288、42202294)。

摘　　要：煤矿开采造成陶枣盆地奥陶系灰岩裂隙岩溶水SO_(4)^(2-)浓度超标,岩溶水水质劣变。综合运用数理统计、图解法、硫氧同位素分析、水文地球化学模拟和PCA-APCS-MLR模型等方法对研究区岩溶水水化学特征及劣变机制进行了分析。结果表明:①研究区岩溶水主要为弱碱性水,岩溶水中SO_(4)^(2-)浓度范围为106.09~1133.51 mg/L,高值区主要分布在各水源地集中排泄点附近,水化学类型以HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca和SO_(4)·HCO_(3)-Ca型为主;②研究区的水化学组分受岩石风化作用的控制,主要来源为碳酸盐岩溶解,存在阳离子交替吸附作用;③岩溶水中δ^(34)S-SO_(4)^(2-)介于-1.7‰~3.3‰之间、δ^(18)O-SO_(4)^(2-)介于1.2‰~12.6‰之间,反映SO_(4)^(2-)来源较为单一,对δ^(34)S-SO_(4)^(2-)和δ^(18)O-SO_(4)^(2-)各来源特征值的分析表明,串层污染、矿坑排水沿河道渗漏以及大气降水下渗为岩溶水中SO_(4)^(2-)的主要来源途径,其来源平均贡献率分别为44.28%、30.00%、25.72%;④采矿活动致使煤系地层高SO_(4)^(2-)浓度矿坑水进入岩溶水引发地下水流系统变异,这是陶枣盆地岩溶水水质劣变的根本原因。本研究对陶枣盆地岩溶水的污染防控和供水安全具有指导意义。Coal mining has led to an excessive concentration of SO_(4)^(2-)in the karst groundwater of the Ordovician limestone in Taozao Basin,resulting in the deterioration of the karst water quality.This study comprehensively utilized methods such as mathematical statistics,graphical analysis,sulfur-oxygen isotope analysis,hydrogeochemical modeling,and the PCA-APCS-MLR model for analysis of hydrochemical characteristics and degradation mechanism of karst water in the study area.The findings are as follows:①The karst groundwater in the research area is primarily carbonate rock fracture karst water,with the concentration of SO_(4)^(2-)ranging from 106.09 to 1133.51 mg/L.High concentration areas are mainly located near the concentrated discharge points of various water sources,with the water chemistry types being primarily HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca and SO_(4)·HCO_(3)-Ca.②The water chemical composition in the research area is controlled by the weathering of rocks,mainly from the dissolution of carbonate rocks,with the presence of cation exchange adsorption effects.③Theδ^(34)S-SO_(4)^(2-)in the karst water ranges from-1.7‰to 3.3‰,and theδ^(18)O-SO_(4)^(2-)ranges from 1.2‰to 12.6‰,indicating a relatively singular source of SO_(4)^(2-).Analysis of the characteristic values of each source forδ^(34)S-SO_(4)^(2-)andδ^(18)O-SO_(4)^(2-)suggests that interlayer pollution,mine drainage leakage along the river,and infiltration of atmospheric precipitation are the main pathways for the source of SO_(4)^(2-)in the karst water,with average contribution rates of 44.28%,30.00%,and 25.72%,respectively.④Mining activities have caused high SO_(4)^(2-)mine water from the coal series strata to enter the karst water,leading to changes in the groundwater flow system,which is the fundamental cause of the deterioration of the karst water quality in Taozao Basin.This study has guiding importance for the pollution control and water supply safety of karst water in Taozao Basin.

关 键 词：岩溶水 水化学特征 劣变机制 地下水流系统 陶枣盆地 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X54