地下介质波速变化研究进展  

Advances in the Research on the Seismic Wave Velocity Variation in Subsurface Media

作　　者：潘睿 杨微[1] PAN Rui;YANG Wei(Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地球物理研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《地震研究》2025年第3期351-360,共10页Journal of Seismological Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41974069);中国地震局地球物理研究所自主立项项目(JY2022Z48).

摘　　要：通过高精度连续测量地下介质波速变化,可获得其应力状态及变化。围绕地下介质波速变化测量及应用研究,介绍了地震波速度变化测量的原理和方法,阐述了重复地震、背景噪声和人工震源等方法的优势和不足之处,梳理了地下介质波速变化的研究现状,主要涉及震前孕育、同震效应和震后恢复等过程中波速变化的研究进展,并探讨了引起地下介质波速变化的相关机理。分析认为,地震引起的同震波速变化及震后恢复特征与地震震级大小和观测位置等有关,由环境因素,如大气压、降雨和温度等引起的周期性波速变化,可作为观测系统检测能力的判定。最后,对提升地下介质波速变化的监测能力进行了展望。The stress state and the stress variation can be obtained through continuous high-precision measurement of the seismic-wave velocity variation in the subsurface media.Focusing on the measurement of seismic-wave velocity variation and its application,this paper firstly introduces the measurement principles and methods of the seismic-wave velocity variation,expounds the advantages and limitations of the repeating earthquake method,the seismic ambient noise method,and the active source method.Then the paper reviews the latest progress of the study of the seismic-wave velocity variation,including pre-earthquake stage,co-seismic stage,and post-seismic stage,and discusses the mechanisms associated with the seismic wave velocity variation.It suggests that the characteristics of the co-seismic velocity variation and the post-seismic velocity recovery are related to the factors such as the earthquake magnitude and the observation location.Additionally,the periodic seismic-wave velocity variation caused by environmental factors such as atmospheric pressure,precipitation,and temperature can be used to assess the detection capability of the observation system.Finally,this paper proposes an outlook for enhancing the monitoring of seismic-wave velocity variation in the subsurface media.

关 键 词：波速变化 重复地震 背景噪声 人工震源 

分 类 号：P315.24[天文地球—地震学]