纳米纤维在人工神经导管中的应用与研究进展  

Application and research progress of nanofibres in artificial nerve conduits

作　　者：陆宁 陈碧泠 宋功吉 罗忆心 王建南[1,2] 许建梅 LU Ning;CHEN Biling;SONG Gongji;LUO Yixin;WANG Jiannan;XU Jianmei(College of Textile and Clothing Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215021,China;Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Silk Products in Medical and Health Use,Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215127,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学纺织与服装工程学院,江苏苏州215021 [2]苏州大学纺织行业医疗健康用蚕丝制品重点实验室,江苏苏州215127

出　　处：《纺织学报》2025年第3期236-244,共9页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：纺织行业医疗健康用蚕丝制品重点实验室项目(Q811580321)。

摘　　要：为探讨纳米纤维在神经再生修复中的作用,开发出纳米纤维基神经导管,分析了纳米纤维对周围神经损伤修复的再生机制,探讨了不同材料在纳米纤维基神经导管中的作用与应用,综述了纳米纤维制备的方法及相应的纳米纤维基神经导管的制备方法,讨论了纳米纤维基神经导管的不同内部结构。最后指出:纳米纤维基神经导管制备应考虑宏量化、标准化制备方法;从结构仿生与功能仿生的角度,去构筑组织与材料相接触的纳米仿生界面,包括:仿细胞外基质环境、微图案纳米尺度仿生界面、多尺度分级有序的微纳米仿生界面;将多种修复机制结合,发挥协同增效作用,可实现长距离神经损伤的修复。Significance In recent years,artificial nerve conduits have shown promising applications in the repair of peripheral nerve injuries.By controlling the materials,structure,and surface morphology of neural conduits,they are expected to replace autologous nerve grafts.Especially,nanofiber-based nerve conduits have become a research focus in the repair of peripheral nerve injuries.Nanofibers are characterized by small diameter,long length and large specific surface area.Artificial nerve conduits prepared from them can more effectively mimic the structure of the extracellular matrix,well promoting cell adhesion,proliferation,and differentiation,guiding the growth of neuronal axons,and accelerating the repair and regeneration of damaged nerves.Therefore,analyzing the regenerative repair mechanisms of nanofiber-based nerve conduits,reviewing the materials and methods for preparing nanofiber-based nerve conduits,as well as different structures,will provide a reference for the development and application of nanofiber-based nerve conduits in peripheral injury repair.Progress Currently,research on nanofiber-based nerve conduits mainly focuses on four aspects.The first is the investigation of the role and mechanism of nanofibers in nerve regeneration and repair.It is believed that the high surface area-to-volume ratio of nanofibers can enhance cell contact area,while their high porosity ensures the supply of oxygen and nutrients,thus more effectively inducing cell growth and tissue regeneration.The second aspect is on the exploration of natural or synthetic polymer materials with excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability,which are easy to prepare into nanofiber-based nerve conduits.The third is about the preparation methods of nanofiber-based nerve conduits.This study summarizes four commonly used preparation methods for nanofiber-based neural conduits:electrospinning,mechanical drawing,phase separation,and self-assembly.Among them,electrospinning is the most commonly used method.This approach involves either first pro

关 键 词：纳米纤维 静电纺丝 神经导管 神经损伤 机械分纤 

分 类 号：TS101.4[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]