基于改性玄武岩纤维生物巢的N_(2)O减排研究  

Reduction of N_(2)O emission in wastewater treatment by modified basalt fiber bio-nest technology

作　　者：王丹妮 周向同 韦静 耿茹 吴智仁 刘志刚 侯冰倩 朱铖 Xiang-tong;WEI Jing;GENG Ru;WU Zhi-ren;LIU Zhi-gang;HOU Bing-qian;ZHU Cheng(School of the Environment and Safety Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;Shenzhen Water and Environment Investment Group,Shenzhen 518031,China;Changzhou Shenshui Jiangbian Wastewater Treatment Co.Ltd.,Changzhou 213001,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]深圳市环水投资集团有限公司,广东深圳518031 [3]常州市深水江边污水处理有限公司,江苏常州213001

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第4期1951-1962,共12页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51808264);常州市科技计划项目(CJ20241068);江苏水处理技术与材料协同创新中心预研项目(XTCXSZ2020-4);青海省科技厅重点研发与成果转化项目(2023SF121)。

摘　　要：将伞状改性玄武岩纤维(MBF)生物载体应用于泥巢混合系统,探究MBF生物巢污水处理及N_(2)O减排效果和机理;通过改变溶解氧(DO)浓度,探究DO对生物巢N_(2)O减排影响机理.结果表明,相同运行条件下,MBF生物巢法较序批式活性污泥法的TN去除率提高63.87%,N_(2)O排放量减少77.76%.16s RNA测序显示MBF生物巢内存在多种功能微区,微生物种群多样性丰富.Saccharibacteria genera incertae sedis为反应器主要脱碳功能菌,异养硝化好氧反硝化(HN-AD)菌属为主要硝化功能菌,其硝化过程无N_(2)O排放.反硝化功能菌属在生物巢内、中层以常规异养反硝化菌(HDN)为主(17.42%、23.02%),在生物巢外层及悬浮污泥中以HN-AD菌为主(29.70%、27.53%),好/缺/厌氧菌属在生物巢各层中均有分布,反硝化菌属在MBF生物巢反应器中相对丰度高于序批式活性污泥反应器,促进反硝化进行,避免了中间产物积累,减少N_(2)O排放量.DO浓度为2.5mg/L时,MBF生物巢反应器(M2)TN去除率最高(86.64%±1.14%),N_(2)O排放量最低(0.78±0.83)mg N_(2)O/g TN.各DO梯度下生物巢微生物种属类别基本一致,相对丰度存在差异.M2中HN-AD菌属为反应器中起硝化作用的主要功能菌,由内至外各层相对丰度为44.24%、61.34%、36.16%,利于N_(2)O减排;HDN为M2起反硝化作用的主要功能菌,相对丰度适中,由内至外各层相对丰度为20.17%、12.00%、21.20%,NO_(2)^(-)-N和NO_(3)^(-)-N出水浓度为(0.011±0.002)和(1.65±0.46)mg/L,反硝化进行完全,利于N_(2)O减排.This study applied umbrella-shaped modified basalt fiber(MBF)bio-carrier to an integrated fixed-film activated sludge system to investigate the performance of MBF bio-nest in wastewater treatment and N_(2)O emission reduction.The effect of dissolved oxygen(DO)on N_(2)O reduction in the bio-nest was investigated by changing the DO concentration.The results showed that under the same operating conditions,TN removal efficiency was increased by 63.87%and N_(2)O emission was reduced by 77.76%in the bio-nest system compared with the sequencing batch activated sludge bioreactor.According to the 16sRNA sequencing results,a variety of functional microregions existed within MBF bio-nests,with a high diversity of microbial populations.Saccharibacteria genera incertae sedis were the main carbon-removing bacteria in the reactor,and heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification(HN-AD)genera were the main nitrifying bacteria,which did not emit N_(2)O during the nitrification process.Denitrification genera were dominated by conventional heterotrophic denitrification bacteria(HDN)in the inner and middle layers of the bio-nest(17.42%,23.02%),and HN-AD bacteria in the outer layer of the bio-nest and suspended sludge(29.70%,27.53%).Aerobic/anoxic/anaerobic genera were distributed in all layers of the bio-nest,and denitrification genera had higher relative abundance in the MBF bioreactor than in the SBR,which facilitated denitrification and mitigated the accumulation of intermediate products,reducing N_(2)O emissions.The MBF bio-nest reactor had the highest TN removal rate of 86.64%±1.14%and the lowest N_(2)O emission of(0.78±0.83)mg N_(2)O/g TN when the DO concentration was 2.5mg/L(M2).The bio-nest microbial genus categories were basically the same in each DO gradient,but differed in their relative abundance.In M2,HN-AD bacteria were the main nitrifying functional bacteria in the reactor(the relative abundance of the layers from inside to outside was 44.24%,61.34%,and 36.16%),which was conducive to N_(2)O reduction;HDN were

关 键 词：改性玄武岩纤维 生物巢 N_(2)O减排 溶解氧 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]