腐殖酸对好氧颗粒污泥系统的调控机理研究——以石墨烯和氧化石墨烯产生的毒性影响为例  

The regulatory mechanism of humic acid on aerobic granular sludge under prolonged exposure to graphene and oxide grapheme

作　　者：张明[1] 冯雪丽 时文歆 张冰[1] ZHANG Ming;FENG Xue-li;SHI Wen-xin;ZHANG Bing(Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,Ministry of Education,College of Environment and Ecology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学环境与生态学院,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第4期1995-2007,共13页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52370029,52270025)。

摘　　要：以受纳米材料石墨烯(G)和氧化石墨烯(GO)长期胁迫作用下的好氧颗粒污泥系统(AGS)为研究对象,探究投加适量腐殖酸(HA)对AGS理化特性和污染物处理性能的缓解作用及其机理.研究表明:经过适量浓度的HA(10.0mg/L)处理后,实验组R2(1.0mg/L G)和R3(1.0mg/L GO)中AGS的理化特性与系统的处理性能均得到了明显改善.其中,在整个实验期间(第0~75d),R3系统内的AGS平均粒径由1224.1μm增加至1407.5μm,R2系统内的AGS平均粒径由1313.0μm增加至1461.3μm.AGS理化特性的提升使得R2和R3系统内总氮去除率分别上升了2.3%和7.6%.通过投加HA,R2和R3系统内观察到活性氧含量、乳酸脱氢酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性和超氧化物歧化酶活性均出现明显降低,这是由于HA可以与细胞内积累的活性氧相结合,进而降低G和GO胁迫下生物体内产生的氧化应激水平.此外,HA的引入减少了AGS中胞外聚合物(EPS)的过量分泌,并降低了EPS中芳香类蛋白质和酪氨酸类物质的含量,使得AGS呈现出更加致密紧凑的颗粒结构.最后,分析G和GO在HA投加前后Zeta电位的变化情况,结果表明投加适量HA提高了G和GO的初始电势值,增强了G/GO与微生物之间的排斥力作用,减少了微生物与G/GO之间的直接接触,进而有效缓解了G和GO对AGS微生物产生的毒性影响.This study aimed to investigate the mitigating effect and regulatory mechanism of humic acid(HA)on the physicochemical properties and pollutant treatment performance of aerobic granular sludge(AGS)under prolonged stress induced by graphene(G)and oxide graphene(GO).The results demonstrated that the optimal dosage of HA(10mg/L)significantly enhanced the physicochemical characteristics of AGS,and improved the pollutant treatment performance of the AGS reactor(R2(1.0mg/L G)and R3(1.0mg/L GO)).At the 75^(th)day,in R3,there was an obviously increase in average particle size of AGS from 1224.1μm to 1407.5μm,while in R2it increased from 1313.0μm to 1461.3μm.Simultaneously,the enhancement of AGS physicochemical properties led to a respective increase of 2.3%and 7.6%in TN removal efficiency for R2 and R3.The introduction of HA resulted in a significant reduction in the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),lactate dehydrogenase activity,catalase activity,and superoxide dismutase activity in R2 and R3.This suggested that HA can effectively bind with accumulated ROS within cells to further mitigate oxidative stress levels induced by G and GO.The addition of HA also effectively alleviated the excessive secretion of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)in AGS,resulting in a decrease in the content of aromatic proteins and tyrosine-like substances within EPS.Consequently,this led to a more compact and denser AGS particle structure in R2 and R3.Ultimately,the changes in Zeta potential of G and GO(before and after the addition of HA)indicate that the incorporation of HA can enhance the initial potential values of G and GO,thereby augmenting the repulsive effect between G/GO and microorganisms,reducing direct contact between microorganisms and G/GO,thus effectively mitigating the toxic effects exerted by G and GO on microorganisms.

关 键 词：好氧颗粒污泥 石墨烯 氧化石墨烯 胞外聚合物 氧化应激反应 ZETA电位 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]