2003~2022年衢州市人类活动净氮输入(NANI)的时空动态变化  

The spatiotemporal dynamic changes in net anthropogenic nitrogen input(NANI)in Quzhou from 2003 to 2022

作　　者：杨雨航 韩玉国[1,2,3] 张小林 段维利 YANG Yu-hang;HAN Yu-guo;ZHANG Xiao-lin;DUAN Wei-li(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Forest Ecosystem Studies,National Observation and Research Station,Linfen 042200,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing 100083,China;Quzhou Wuxi River Drinking Water Source Protection Management Center,Quzhou 324003,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]山西省吉县森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,山西临汾042200 [3]水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京100083 [4]衢州市乌溪江饮用水源保护管理中心,浙江衢州324003

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第4期2075-2085,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：乌溪江库区社会发展对生态环境影响调查研究(ZJJCCG2023-43);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1303004-4)。

摘　　要：为推进衢州市氮污染的治理,基于人类活动净氮输入模型(NANI)估算了衢州市2003~2022年净氮输入量,分析了NANI时空特征、组分变化原因及影响因素.结果表明:衢州市NANI 20a平均值为12925kg/(km^(2)·a),时间变化呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,2011年达到峰值15698kg/(km^(2)·a).各子单元空间表现出一定差异性,空间分布呈现出东高西低的分布,与土地利用状况分布接近.NANI的各组分占比表现为氮肥施用约占27%~41%,食物/饲料净氮输入约占22%~42%,大气氮沉降约占21%~33%,固氮约占7%~11%.NANI的变化在2003~2008年主要受氮肥施用的影响,在2009~2014年主要受食物饲料净氮输入的影响,近年则主要受大气氮沉降影响.减少NANI的主要策略有全面推广新能源汽车的应用;降低农田氮肥施用量逐步调整至农业发达国家平均采用的施肥标准;以满足衢州市本地人口对畜禽产品的基本需求为限,合理调控畜禽养殖规模.实施这些措施后,预计NANI可分别降低约833,893,896kg/(km^(2)·a),总量降低约2622kg/(km^(2)·a),达到世界上较低水平.The Net Anthropogenic Nitrogen Input(NANI)model was utilized to estimate nitrogen inputs to Quzhou for the period from 2003 to 2022,and its spatial and temporal patterns,variations in components,and determining factors were examined.The results indicated that the average NANI for Quzhou over the past two decades was 12925kg/(km^(2)·a),with a peak of 15698kg/(km^(2)·a)in 2011.The spatial distribution was found to demonstrate an east-high and west-low pattern,which was consistent with land-use configurations.The predominant component of NANI was nitrogen fertilizer,which contributed 27%to 41%,followed by net nitrogen input from food/feed at 22%to 42%,atmospheric nitrogen deposition at 21%to 33%,and nitrogen fixation at 7%to 11%.The variations in NANI were primarily driven by nitrogen fertilizer application between 2003 and 2008,food/feed inputs between 2009 and 2014,and atmospheric deposition in recent years.Strategies were proposed to mitigate NANI,including promoting new energy vehicles,reducing nitrogen fertilizer application to align with standards of agriculturally advanced nations,and regulating livestock and poultry farming to match local demand.It was anticipated that these measures would decrease NANI by approximately 833,893,and 896kg/(km^(2)·a),respectively,achieving a cumulative reduction of about 2622kg/(km^(2)·a),positioning it among the lower levels globally.

关 键 词：人类活动净氮输入(NANI) 衢江流域 氮沉降 削减策略 

分 类 号：X501[环境科学与工程—环境工程]