水厂消毒中微塑料的赋存、去除及潜在风险  

Occurrence,removal and potential risks of microplastics in disinfection processes of water treatment plants

作　　者：赵思凯 刘沅鑫 梁越 刘聪[2] 李家杰 陈士凌 陈曦 吕露 李北雁 余薇薇 ZHAO Si-kai;LIU Yuan-xin;LIANG Yue;LIU Cong;LI Jia-jie;CHEN Shi-ling;CHEN Xi;LYU Lu;LI Bei-yan;YU Wei-wei(Key Laboratory of Water Conservancy and Water Transport Engineering,Ministry of Education,Hehai College,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Southwest Technical Engineering Research Institute,Chongqing 400039,China;Engineering Design Group Co.Ltd.,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014,China;Chongqing Jianzhu College,Chongqing 400072,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学河海学院,水利水运工程教育部重点实验室,重庆400074 [2]西南技术工程研究所,重庆400039 [3]浙江工业大学工程设计集团有限公司,浙江杭州310014 [4]重庆建筑工程职业学院,重庆400072

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第4期2208-2219,共12页China Environmental Science

基　　金：重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202404306);重庆市研究生联合培养基地建设项目(JDLHPYJD2022005);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51608079)。

摘　　要：本文综述了国内外水厂消毒工艺中微塑料(MPs)的赋存特征和丰度情况,分析了氯、臭氧和紫外线消毒对MPs的去除效果,并深入探讨了MPs的存在对消毒的影响及其二次污染.结果发现,不同水厂消毒中MPs丰度具有较大差异,主要以纤维、碎片形状存在,以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚乙烯(PE)和聚丙烯(PP)为主,粒径大部分小于1.0mm,颜色多呈黑白和透明.氯消毒单元去除率在0~71.38%,但在部分水厂的臭氧消毒和紫外线消毒后,MPs丰度反而上升.消毒工艺对MPs的去除机制仍有待研究.此外,其释放的溶解性有机物(MP-DOM)在氯消毒过程中生成三氯甲烷的潜能(THMFP)最高可达453.3μg/mg,高于典型水生天然有机物和藻类有机物的生成潜力,显示出更大的健康风险.This paper reviewed the occurrence characteristics and abundance of microplastics(MPs)in disinfection processes of water treatment plants both inside and outside China,and analyzed the MPs removal effectiveness of chlorine,ozone and ultraviolet disinfection,followed by an in-depth discussion of the effects of MPs presence on disinfection and its secondary pollution.The results showed significant differences in the abundance of MPs across different water treatment plants,primarily existing in the forms of fibers and fragments,predominantly composed of polyethylene terephthalate(PET),polyethylene(PE),and polypropylene(PP),with most sizes less than 1.0mm and colors mostly black,white,or transparent.The removal rate of the chlorine disinfection unit ranged from 0%to 71.38%;but part of the water treatment plants had seen a rise in MPs abundance after the ozone and ultraviolet disinfection.The removal mechanisms of MPs by disinfection processes remained required further research.Additionally,the trihalomethane formation potential(THMFP)of microplastic-derived dissolved organic matter(MP-DOM)in the chlorine disinfection process could reach as high as 453.3μg/mg,higher than the formation potential of typical aquatic natural organic matter and algae organic matter,pointing to greater health risks.

关 键 词：微塑料 水处理消毒 去除效果 灭菌影响 二次污染 

分 类 号：X503[环境科学与工程—环境工程]