海南岛南渡江鱼胃肠道中微塑料特征  

Abundance and characteristics of microplastics in fish gastrointestinal tract of Nandu River on Hainan Island

作　　者：梁鸿博 姜如易 刘子扬 许康 王赛 王团团 LIANG Hong-bo;JIANG Ru-yi;LIU Zi-yang;XU Kang;WANG Sai;WANG Tuan-tuan(College of Marine Sciences and Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;College of Ecology,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学海洋科学与工程学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南大学南海海洋资源利用国家重点实验室,海南海口570228 [3]海南大学生态学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第4期2220-2229,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42367054);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2401301);海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2022SHFZ034,ZDYF2022SHFZ032);海南省自然科学基金(421QN195,421QN196);海南省环境保护专项资金项目;海南大学协同创新中心项目(XTCX2022HYC11);海南大学南海海洋资源利用国家重点实验室开放项目(MRUKF2023005);海南大学科研启动基金(KYQD(ZR)-21033)。

摘　　要：在海南岛南渡江上、中、下游共11个位点采集具有不同摄食习性的淡水鱼类35种222条并进行胃肠道中MPs分析.结果显示,在94.5%的鱼胃肠道有检测出了MPs,平均丰度为(4.85±3.51)个/条.南渡江鱼胃肠道中MPs以<1.0mm(73.3%)的透明(38.9%)纤维(60.6%)为主,MPs主要由聚丙烯(53.3%)和聚乙烯(34.2%)组成.浮游植物食性鱼胃肠道中MPs丰度(7.00个/条)最高,水生昆虫食性鱼胃肠道中MPs丰度最低(2.57个/条).从南渡江上游至下游,鱼胃肠道中<1.0mm的蓝色纤维MPs占比不断增加,>1.0mm的黄色/红色碎片/薄膜MPs的占比不断降低,这可能与南渡江下游水产养殖活动、农膜的使用量、城市生活污水和工业废水的排放量增大有关.Microplastics(MPs)pollution has become a hot research topic in the environmental field,while few studies have reported the MPs pollution in the gastrointestinal tract of river fish in Hainan Island.In the present study,222 freshwater fish specimens belonging to 35 species with different feeding habits were collected from 11 sampling sites located in the upper,middle,and lower reaches of the Nandu River.The pollution characteristics of MPs in the gastrointestinal tract of fish samples were analyzed.The results showed that MPs were detected in 94.5%of the fish gastrointestinal tracts,with an average abundance of(4.85±3.51)MPs per fish.The MPs in fish gastrointestinal tract were dominated by<1.0mm(73.3%)transparent(38.9%)fibers(60.6%),and were mainly composed of polypropylene(53.3%)and polyethylene(34.2%).The highest abundance of MPs was recorded in the gastrointestinal tract of filter-feeding planktivorous fish(7.00 per fish)and the lowest abundance was recorded in the gastrointestinal tract of insectivorous fish(2.57 per fish).From the upper to the lower reaches,the percentage of blue fragment MPs with size<1.0mm in the fish gastrointestinal tract was increasing,while the percentage of yellow/red fiber/film MPs with size>1.0mm was decreasing.This could be attributed to the increase of aquacultural activities,the usage of agricultural films,and a large amount of sewage and industrial wastewater in the lower reaches.

关 键 词：微塑料(MPs) 海南岛 南渡江 鱼胃肠道 食性 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]