水电碳足迹关键影响因素及区域化研究趋势  

Key factors influencing hydropower carbon footprint assessment and geo-regional research trends

作　　者：李朋 白孝轩 丁宁[2] 赵思琪 李超 周卫青 张高翔 LI Peng;BAI Xiao-xuan;DING Ning;ZHAO Si-qi;LI Chao;ZHOU Wei-qing;ZHANG Gao-xiang(State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co.,Ltd.Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100045,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]国网冀北电力有限公司电力科学研究院,北京100045 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第4期2251-2263,共13页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家电网有限公司总部科技项目资助(5200-202314489A-3-2-ZN)。

摘　　要：面向水电低碳发展问题,对水电碳足迹关键影响因素及水电碳足迹区域化差异进行综述研究.结果表明,全球范围内对现有水电碳足迹研究的关注度不断增高.通过案例研究发现,水电碳足迹主要由建设阶段的建材制造和工程施工,以及运行维护阶段的设备运行耗能产生.总结了影响水电碳排放的关键因素:水电类型、装机量、蓄水量、蓄水区面积和生命周期阶段等,并从地理空间的视角对水电碳排放进行了区域化研究,指出因地理位置不同导致的气候、降水量、生态环境等差异对水电碳足迹的影响.This research addressed the issue of low-carbon development in hydropower,provided a review of the key factors influencing the carbon footprint of hydropower and the regional variations in these footprints.The findings of this research indicated an increasing global focus on research into the carbon footprint of hydropower.Case studies revealed that the primary contributors to the hydropower carbon footprint were the manufacture of construction materials and engineering activities during the construction phase,as well as energy consumption by equipment during the operation and maintenance phase.This research identified key factors affecting hydropower carbon emissions,including the type of hydropower,installed capacity,water storage volume,reservoir area,and life cycle stages.Furthermore,from a geographical perspective,it explored the regional variation in hydropower carbon emissions,highlighting the impact of differences in climate,precipitation,and ecological environment due to geographical location on the hydropower carbon footprint.

关 键 词：水电 碳足迹 生命周期评估 碳排放 区域化分析 

分 类 号：X323[环境科学与工程—环境工程]