水温变化对金沙江特有鱼类岩原鲤血清生化指标及肠道微生物的影响  

Effects of water temperature changes on serum biochemical indices and gut microbiota of Endemic Fish(Procypris rabaudi)in Jinsha River

作　　者：陈丹丽 杨晓灵 刘帅帅 张波 崔戈 高寒 陈娟 CHEN Dan-li;YANG Xiao-ling;LIU Shuai-shuai;ZHANG Bo;CUI Ge;GAO Han;CHEN Juan;无(College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Department on Shallow Lakes,Ministry of Education,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Scientific Institute of Pearl River WaterResources Protection,Guangzhou 510611,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [3]珠江水资源保护科学研究所,广东广州510611

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2025年第4期2288-2297,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3203902);国家自然科学基金项目(52425902)。

摘　　要：以西南梯级水电开发河流金沙江中特有鱼类岩原鲤(Procyprisrabaudi)为研究对象,开展了控制实验,分别设置24h和10d的3个处理组(16,20,24℃),探究不同水温条件下岩原鲤血清生化指标和肠道微生物的变化.结果表明,相较于常温组,24h和10d低温组对岩原鲤血清抗氧化酶活力分别起到了促进和抑制作用;10d低温组的溶菌酶(LZM)活力相对常温组的下降率(67.12%)较24h(52.04%)更为显著;24h和10d低温组的葡萄糖(GLU)和皮质醇(CORTISOL)浓度相较于常温组均显著增加.24h低温组的Chao1指数比常温组和高温组的分别低23.22%和26.36%,10d低温组的alpha多样性趋于稳定;相比于24h,10d后不同水温条件下肠道微生物群落结构差异更小;低温显著影响肠道微生物的群落组成.共现网络显示24h低温组的微生物共生关系简化,微生物间相互作用减弱;而长期水温变化则使微生物的互作关系趋向稳定.相关性分析显示变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)等与抗氧化酶和LZM活力存在显著相关性.A controlled experiment was conducted to investigate temperature-induced alterations in serum biochemical indices and gut microbiota of endemic fish(Procypris rabaudi)in Jinsha River,a cascade hydropower development river in southwest China.Three temperature treatments(16℃,20℃,24℃)were established with exposure durations of 24h and 10d.Results showed that compared to the ambient temperature group,the serum antioxidant enzyme activity was promoted in the low temperature group after 24h but inhibited after 10d.The decrease in lysozyme(LZM)activity in the low temperature group of 10d(67.12%)was more significant than that of 24h group(52.04%)relative to the ambient temperature group.And the concentrations of glucose(GLU)and CORTISOL were increased significantly in the low temperature groups both 24h and 10d compared with those in the ambient temperature groups.The Chao1index of the low temperature group at 24h were 23.22%and 26.36%lower than those of the ambient temperature and high temperature groups,respectively.The alpha diversity was found to stabilize in the low temperature group after 10d.Compared to 24h,the difference in gut microbiota community structure under different temperature conditions after 10d was smaller,and the low temperatures significantly affected the community composition of the gut microbiota.Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that microbial interactions were simplified and weakened in the low temperature group(24h),whereas prolonged thermal adaptation(10d)was associated with network stabilization.Significant correlations were established between Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Firmicutes with antioxidant enzymes and LZM activity.

关 键 词：梯级水电开发 水温 岩原鲤 血清生化指标 肠道微生物 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]