从苏区到边区:全面抗战前后陕甘宁边区辖属范围的形成与国共交涉  

From the Soviet Area to the Border Region:Formation of the Jurisdiction of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region and Negotiations Between the Kuomintang and the CPC Before and After the Comprehensive Anti-Japanese War

作　　者：张宝同 Zhang Baotong

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系,上海200241

出　　处：《苏区研究》2025年第2期52-71,共20页Soviet Area Studies

摘　　要：抗战时期的陕甘宁边区是在苏区基础上创设的,其辖属范围也经历了复杂的演变过程。中共早期在陕北的活动以及红军东征与西征开辟的新苏区奠定了陕甘宁根据地的基本轮廓,但根据地也因国民党“围剿”而面临重重危机。西安事变后,红军南下接防,恢复了旧苏区。中共又以驻军为依托开展组织建设,在统战区造成既成事实,进一步拓展了边区范围。由此,国共双方对边区的辖属范围产生分歧。全面抗战初期,国共两党围绕红军驻地和陕甘宁边区辖属范围进行了初步交涉,但由于在边区的合法性及县域数量等问题上存在分歧,双方难以达成共识。此外,国民党在谈判中有意将边区问题地方化,致使双方未能形成明确的处理方案。在双方各执一词的情况下,中共在边区积极推进县域政权建设,国民党则力图遏制中共的活动,双方的摩擦冲突自然无法避免。The Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region during the Anti-Japanese War was established on the basis of the Soviet area,and its jurisdiction also underwent a complex evolutionary process.The CPC's early activities in northern Shaanxi and the new Soviet areas opened up by the Red Army's eastern and western expeditions laid the basic scope of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region,but the border region also faced numerous crises due to Kuomintang's"encirclement and suppression".After the Xi'an Incident,the Red Army went south to take over defend and restored the old Soviet area.The CPC relied on its stationed troops to carry out organizational construction,creating an established fact in the united front area and further expanding the scope of the border region.As a result,there was a disagreement between the Kuomintang and the CPC regarding the jurisdiction of the border region.In the early stage of the comprehensive Anti-Japanese War,the Kuomintang and the CPC had preliminary negotiations regarding the Red Army's base and the jurisdiction of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.However,due to differences in the legitimacy of the border region and the number of counties,it was difficult for both sides to reach a consensus.In addition,the Kuomintang intentionally localized the border region issue during negotiations,resulting in the inability of both sides to form a clear solution.In the situation where both sides hold their own views,the CPC actively promotes the construction of county-level political power in the border regions,while the Kuomintang tries to contain the CPC's activities.Friction and conflict between the two sides are naturally inevitable.

关 键 词：西北苏区 陕甘宁边区 管辖范围 国共谈判 

分 类 号：K264.4[历史地理—历史学]