情理思想:本土意蕴、刑律表达与当代传承  

Human Reasoning:Local Implications,Penal Expression and Contemporary Inheritance

作　　者：赵坦 Zhao Tan(School of Humanity and Art,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu,221116)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学人文学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《福州大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第1期100-109,171,共11页Journal of Fuzhou University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助重点项目“刑法价值观的冲突与刑律文化融入研究”(23FFXA004);教育部中华优秀传统文化专项课题(A类)重点项目(尼山世界儒学中心/中国孔子基金会课题基金项目)“中华优秀传统法律文化与现代刑法典编纂的借鉴研究”(23JDTCA068)。

摘　　要：情理思想蕴含着本土法治资源中人们对自身、伦理、国家和社会的深刻理解,是探寻中华法制文明和凝聚文化自信的根基。在天理国法人情中,情理与国法相统一,是古代法律的核心文化精神。儒道墨法各家说在不同程度上体现了情理思想,并开创了情理与律法相交融的法制与文化传统。情理思想在古代刑律中集中体现为据情论律,其中,在动态上表现为“小大之狱必以情”,即在断案中考虑情理;在静态上表现为“法者缘人情而制”,即在刑律的制定和修改中考虑情理。对于当代刑法而言,情理思想在塑造刑法权威、发挥规制机能、减轻制裁的负效应等方面仍然具有不可磨灭的积极价值。情理思想对当代刑法的融入应从刑法规范的塑造、运用、传递过程展开,具体路径包括对刑事立法的植入、对刑事司法的辅助、对裁判说理的补强。为避免情理思想的滥用风险,还应当防范其可能存在的损失法治的明确性、僭越法律的主导地位、对责任原则的分解以及向“私情”的异化等不良倾向。The idea of human reasoning contains the profound understanding of people's self,ethics,the State and society in the local rule of law resources,and is the foundation for exploring the civilization of the Chinese legal system and gathering cultural self-confidence.The unity of the human reasoning and the law of the land among the Divine Principles and the Law of the country and human feelings is the core cultural spirit of the ancient law.Confucianism,Taoism,Mohists,and legalists have embodied the idea of human reasoning to different degrees,and have created a legal system and cultural tradition in which human reasoning and law are intertwined.Human reasoning in the ancient criminal law is centrally embodied in the"reasoning of laws with feelings",which,is in the dynamic manifestation of"reasoning considered in all criminal cases large or small",meanwhile,human are considered in legal judgement,which is statically manifested as"the laws are formulated based on reasoning".That is,in the formulation and modification of the criminal law,human reasoning is considered.For contemporary criminal law,the idea of human reasoning still has indelible positive value in shaping the authority of criminal law,playing the function of regulation,and reducing the negative effect of punishments.The integration of the idea of human reasoning into contemporary criminal law should start from the process of shaping,applying and transmitting criminal law norms,and the specific paths include the implantation of criminal legislation,the assistance to criminal justice,and the reinforcement of adjudication reasoning.In order to avoid the risk of abusing the idea of human reasoning,it is also necessary to guard against the possible loss of the clarity of the rule of law,the usurpation of the dominant position of the law,the disintegration of the principle of responsibility,and the alienation of the idea to"private feelings",among other undesirable tendencies.

关 键 词：情理思想 天理国法人情 古代刑律 据情论律 当代传承 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]