高速旋冲钻磨水泥塞提速机理及效率研究  

Acceleration Mechanism and Efficiency of High-Speed Rotary Percussion Drilling and Grinding of Cement Plug

作　　者：刘望 郭朝辉 蒋子璇 管锋[1] 田海锋 李梓睿 夏雨生 Liu Wang;Guo Zhaohui;Jiang Zixuan;Guan Feng;Tian Haifeng;Li Zirui;Xia Yusheng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Yangtze University;Shelfoil Petroleum Equipment&Services Co.,Ltd.;China Petroleum&Petrochemical Equipment Industry Association)

机构地区：[1]长江大学机械工程学院,湖北省荆州市434023 [2]德州大陆架石油工程技术有限公司 [3]中国石油和石油化工设备工业协会

出　　处：《石油机械》2025年第4期17-23,共7页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“海洋石油大直径指向式旋转导向系统研制”(2023YFC2810900);湖北省中央引导地方科技发展专项“超深复杂工况井作业工具研制与应用示范”(2022BGE257)。

摘　　要：高速旋冲钻磨水泥塞时,高速的旋转切削与高频的轴向冲击相结合,能够显著提高钻磨水泥塞效率,但对其提速机理尚不够明晰。建立了PDC齿高速旋冲切削水泥塞模型,揭示了其提速机理,研究了钻头转速、冲击幅值及冲击频率对切削水泥塞效率的影响规律。结果表明:高速旋冲切削作用下水泥塞内部应力沿着切削方向和其斜下方延伸更远,水泥塞更易萌生和发展裂纹,产生块状岩屑,形成破碎坑,有效增加PDC齿吃入深度,从而提高PDC齿切削水泥塞效率;随着转速的增加,水泥塞破碎体积呈线性增长趋势,PDC齿对应的水平切削力增大,且波动更为剧烈,但破碎深度呈现出先增后减的趋势,当转速为150 r/min时破碎深度最大;冲击幅值的增大能够有效提高切削水泥塞效率,减小PDC齿的水平切削力;水泥塞破碎效率随着冲击频率的增加呈现出先增后减的趋势,最佳频率为400 Hz。所得结果可为现场钻磨水泥塞作业提供理论参考。At the time of rotary percussion drilling and grinding of cement plug at high speed,the combination of high-speed rotary cutting and high-frequency axial percussion can significantly improve the efficiency of drilling and grinding cement plug,but the acceleration mechanism is not yet clear.In this paper,a model for high-speed rotary percussion cutting of cement plug by PDC cutter was built,the acceleration mechanism was revealed,and the influence of bit rotation speed,percussion amplitude and percussion frequency on the efficiency of cutting cement plug was studied.The results show that under the action of high-speed rotary percussion cutting,the stress in the cement plug extends further along the cutting direction and the direction diagonally below it,making the cement plug more prone to crack initiation and development,producing block shaped rock debris,forming crushing pits,effectively increasing the penetration depth of PDC cutter,and thus improving the efficiency of cutting cement plug by PDC cutter.As the rotation speed increases,the crushed volume of cement plug shows a linear increase trend,the horizontal cutting force corresponded by PDC cutter increases,fluctuation is more severe,but the crushing depth shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,with the maximum crushing depth occurring at a rotation speed of 150 r/min.An increase in percussion amplitude can effectively improve the efficiency of cutting cement plug and reduce the horizontal cutting force of PDC cutter.As the percussion frequency increases,the crushing efficiency of cement plug shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the optimum percussion frequency is 400 Hz.

关 键 词：钻磨 水泥塞 高速旋冲 切削效率 提速机理 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]