青岛都市区通勤圈识别与空间优化策略  

Identification and Spatial Optimization Strategies for the Commuting Zones in Qingdao Metropolitan Area

作　　者：王伟智 曹锴 潘丽如 WANG Weizhi;CAO Kai;PAN Liru(Qingdao Urban Planning&Design Research Institute,Qingdao Shandong 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市城市规划设计研究院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《城市交通》2025年第2期76-83,共8页Urban Transport of China

基　　金：青岛市哲学社会科学规划项目“青岛大都市区通勤圈识别与优化策略研究”(QDSKL2201390)。

摘　　要：通勤圈识别不仅有助于提升城市运行效率和改善通勤出行品质,更能为城市空间规划与资源配置提供科学依据。提出通勤圈识别的技术方法,基于多源数据和城市轨道交通OD数据,识别出青岛都市区存在8个通勤中心;通过多情景模拟后,确定将10%作为通勤率阈值,由此识别青岛都市区8个通勤圈范围。总结青岛都市区通勤圈的主要特征:理论上通勤中心的能级越强,其通勤圈的范围越大,但实际上若相邻通勤中心的能级差异显著时,高能级通勤圈会覆盖部分低能级通勤圈;通勤走廊对通勤圈范围影响显著,表现为通勤走廊服务能力越强、辐射范围越广,通勤圈范围越大且沿通勤走廊延伸的特征越明显。最后,提出通勤圈空间优化策略,包括优化通勤中心职住空间布局、提高通勤圈内部空间使用效率、构建与通勤圈相匹配的骨干交通系统。Identifying commuting zones not only enhances the operational efficiency of cities and im-proves commuting experiences,but also provides a scientific foundation for urban spatial planning and re-source allocation.This paper proposes a technical methodology for commuting zone identification,employ-ing multivariate data and urban rail transit OD datasets to identify eight commuting centers in the Qingdao metropolitan area.Through multi-scenario simulations,a 10%commuting rate threshold is determined to identify the eight commuting zones.The main characteristics of these zones are summarized as follows:in theory,commuting centers with higher capacity are associated with larger commuting zones;however,in practice,when adjacent centers vary significantly in capacity,higher-capacity commuting zones tend to overlap with the spatial extent of lower-capacity ones.Moreover,commuting corridors exert a significant influence on the spatial extent of commuting zones—the stronger the commuting corridor's service capaci-ty and the wider its coverage,the larger the commuting zone and the more prominent extension along the commuting corridor.Finally,the paper proposes spatial optimization strategies for commuting zones,in-cluding optimizing the spatial layout of jobs and housing within commuting centers,enhancing space use efficiency within commuting zones,and developing a backbone transportation system aligned with com-muting zone structures.

关 键 词：通勤圈 通勤中心 通勤率 职住比 优化策略 青岛都市区 

分 类 号：U491.12[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]