气田废水处理中氯离子去除技术应用现状  

Application Status of Chloride Ions Removal Technology in Gas Field Wastewater Treatment

作　　者：李长云 Li Changyun(Oilfield Engineering Service Company,SINOPEC Southwest Petroleum Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Sichuan,Mianyang,621000)

机构地区：[1]中石化西南石油工程有限公司油田工程服务分公司,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《安全、健康和环境》2025年第3期51-57,共7页Safety Health & Environment

摘　　要：氯离子是气田废水的特征污染物之一,氯离子的高效去除对于实现气田废水达标排放具有重要意义。综述了当前国内外气田废水中氯离子去除技术的应用现状,重点介绍了基于膜法、热法和化学沉淀法的氯离子去除技术。膜法技术包括常规卷式膜和改进型膜技术,如碟管式反渗透(DTRO)和管网式反渗透(STRO),具有较高的氯离子去除效率,但对进水水质要求较高,且高盐度废水会导致膜污染加剧。热法技术主要包括多效蒸馏(MED)、机械蒸汽压缩(MVR)和膜蒸馏(MD),适用于高盐度废水处理,可获得很高的清洁水收率,但能耗较高。化学沉淀法则通过化学反应生成不溶性沉淀物去除氯离子,具有选择性去除的特点,但药剂成本较高。通过对不同技术的工艺原理及实际应用效果的分析,为气田废水处理工艺的选型提供了参考依据。Chloride ions are one of the characteristic pollutants in gas field wastewater,and the efficient removal of chloride ion is of great significance for realizing the standard discharge of gas field wastewater.In this paper,the application status of chloride ions removal technology in gas field wastewater at home and abroad was reviewed,and the chloride ions removal technology based on membrane method,thermal method and chemical precipitation method was emphasized.Membrane technology includes conventional rolled membrane technology and improved membrane technology,such as dish tube reverse osmosis(DTRO)and pipe network reverse osmosis(STRO),which has high chloride ion removal efficiency,but has higher requirements for influent water quality,and high-salinity wastewater will lead to increased membrane pollution.Thermal technology mainly includes multi-effect distillation(MED),mechanical steam compression(MVR)and membrane distillation(MD),which is suitable for the treatment of high salinity wastewater,and can obtain a high clean water yield,but high energy consumption.The chemical precipitation method removes chloride ions by forming insoluble precipitates through chemical reaction,which has the characteristics of selective removal,but the cost of the agent is high.Through the analysis of the process principle and practical application effect of different technologies,this paper provided a reference for the selection of gas field wastewater treatment technology.

关 键 词：气田废水 氯离子去除 膜脱盐 热脱盐 化学脱盐 近零排放 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]