基于麦克风优化螺旋阵列的声学成像装置在局部放电定位中的应用研究  

Research on Application of Microphone⁃optimized Spiral Arrays⁃based Acoustic Imaging Devices in Partial Discharge Localization

作　　者：刘超 岳嵩 高飞 韩帅 董昊远 李俊 李心 LIU Chao;YUE Song;GAO Fei;HAN Shuai;DONG Haoyuan;LI Jun;LI Xin(Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Tibet Company,Lhasa 850001,China;China Electric Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100192,China;Iflytek Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]国网西藏电力有限公司电力科学研究院,拉萨850001 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京100192 [3]科大讯飞股份有限公司,杭州310012

出　　处：《高压电器》2025年第4期219-229,共11页High Voltage Apparatus

摘　　要：现有的特高频、紫外等局部放电检测手段在缺陷定位方面存在一定问题,文中选取更为有效的超声定位检测手段,将其与麦克风阵列技术和波束形成算法相结合,考虑电力设备局部放电的声学信号特点,基于单臂和多臂螺旋阵列特点,优化阵列设计形成阿基米德单臂曲线,并与相匹配的延时波束成形算法相结合,以满足当前局部放电定位场景的需求。进一步,基于上述技术设计形成声成像装置,实现以热力图的形式实时显示声源在空间的分布状态。通过在输电线路、变电站等典型电力设备场景中的应用,声学成像装置能清晰地定位局部放电的点,装置与紫外成像仪等传统检测仪器相比,拥有相对更高的定位精度,并可推理局放类型,为后续的设备运维检修提供试验基础依据。Such partial discharge detection means as ultra-high frequency and ultraviolet have some problem in de-fect localization.In this paper,a more effective ultrasonic localization detection means is selected and combined with microphone array technology and beam formation algorithm.Considering the acoustic signal characteristics of partial discharge of power equipment and also based on the characteristics of single-arm and multi-arm spiral array,the array design is optimized to form Archimedes single-arm curve and combine with the matched delay beam form-ing algorithm so to meet the needs of the present partial discharge localization scene.Further more,the acoustic imag-ing device is designed on the basis of above technology to display the distribution of sound sources in space in real time in the form of thermal efforts.Through the application in typical power equipment scenes such as transmission lines and substations,the acoustic imaging devices can clearly localize the partial discharge point,and the device,compared to such traditional detection instruments as UV imagers,has relatively higher localization accuracy,can evaluate the type of partial discharge and can provide the test basics for the subsequent equipment in operation and maintenance.

关 键 词：超声定位 波束形成 麦克风阵列 局部放电 声学成像装置 

分 类 号：TM855[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]