一种民机机载软件需求变更影响性分析方法  

A Method for Impact Analysis of Changes in Civil Airborne Software Requirements

作　　者：孙倩 韩光辉 孙远 SUN Qian;HAN Guang-hui;SUN Yuan(Chinese Aeronautical Radio Electronics Research Institute,Shanghai 200000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航空无线电电子研究所,上海200000

出　　处：《航空计算技术》2025年第2期93-96,101,共5页Aeronautical Computing Technique

基　　金：MJZ2-3N21专项科研项目资助。

摘　　要：在民机软件研制过程中,需求占据主导地位。由于需求变更影响分析不全面而导致的系统故障,成为当前机载软件面临的主要质量问题之一。目前的需求变更分析方法存在以下问题:项目早期分析困难、无法识别间接受影响的功能,以及无法评估变更对同层需求的影响。提出了一种基于DO-178C耦合性的三层需求变更分析方法。通过识别变更、确定耦合项、分析变更影响、跟踪耦合项以及进行深层影响分析等步骤,全面识别变更的广度和深度,准确分析变更的直接、间接和深层影响,从而有效定位变更功能点,提升软件质量。In the development process of civil aircraft software,requirements play a dominant role.System failures caused by incomplete impact analysis of requirement changes have become one of the main quality issues.Current methods for analyzing requirement changes have the following problems:difficulties in early project analysis,inability to identify functions that are indirectly affected,and inability to assess the impact of changes on requirements at the same level.This paper proposes a three-layer requirement change analysis method based on DO-178C coupling.This method comprehensively identifies the breadth and depth of changes through steps such as identifying changes,determining coupling items,analyzing change impacts,tracking coupling items,and conducting deep impact analysis,thereby accurately analyzing the direct,indirect,and deep impacts of changes,effectively locating change function points,and improving software quality.

关 键 词：机载软件 DO-178C 需求变更 影响性分析 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]